For the potential benefits of phages to be fully explored and, if possible, exploited in the UK, with competitive advantage, it is important that existing phage- related assets are properly aligned and integrated, connecting the various sectors, institutions, and actors so they can draw on shared resources, information, data, and expertise. This will also allow the development of additional shared assets, such as phage biobanks, as well as encouraging new relationships between universities, hospitals, the pharmaceutical industry, and other stakeholders. We were concerned to hear that the UK’s phage expertise and resources are ‘fragmented’. We therefore welcome Innovate UK’s Phage knowledge transfer initiative to bring phage stakeholders together to produce a roadmap to deliver a sustainable and integrated network for the transfer and sharing of phage-related knowledge for the benefit of all. (Paragraph 67) 58 The antimicrobial potential of bacteriophages