Child Death

PFD Category
Reports: 443 Areas: 65 Earliest: Jan 2015 Latest: 26 Mar 2026

79% response rate (above 63% average). 38% of classified responses show concrete action taken. Reports fell 2% from 57 (2023) to 56 (2024).

PFD Reports
443 results
Madison Smith
All Responded
2026-0179 26 Mar 2026 Manchester South
Department of Health and Social Care
Concerns summary (AI summary) There is no statutory regulation of agencies or individuals offering sleep routine services for young children, and anyone can attach the term 'nurse' to a word such as 'maternity' without being a registered nurse, potentially misleading families; prone sleeping promotion by unqualified individuals poses a significant risk to babies.
Action Taken (AI summary) • Departmental officials made enquiries with NHS England to address the coroner's concerns. • The Department of Health and Social Care is taking action to address the misuse of the title 'nurse' by unregulated individuals.
[REDACTED]
Response Pending
2026-0178 25 Mar 2026 Inner West London
College of Policing Haleon UK Trading Limited Metropolis +1 more
Concerns summary (AI summary) Child death investigation teams may be too easily reassured by well-presented homes, leading to perfunctory scene examinations and lost forensic opportunities.
Paul Green
All Responded
2026-0146 12 Mar 2026 West Sussex, Brighton and Hove
Department for Transport
Concerns summary (AI summary) The current system allows inexperienced 17-year-old drivers to drive unsupervised with teenage passengers, which is a factor in collisions and increases the risk of future fatal incidents.
1 response from Minister of Local Transport
Viviana-Ray Butnaru
Partially Responded
2026-0122 4 Mar 2026 Essex
Basildon Hospital (Mid & South Essex NH… Royal College of Paediatrics and Child …
Concerns summary (AI summary) A lack of national guidelines exists for assessing paediatric heart conditions like myocarditis, coupled with insufficient awareness of Parvovirus. Locally, critical radiology reports were delayed, metabolic acidosis causes were not fully explored, and documentation of observations and handovers was incomplete.
Action Taken (AI summary) • The Director of Nursing for the Clinical Division of Clinical & Support Services undertook a review of the patient's imaging timeline.
Maisie Almond
All Responded
2026-0119 27 Feb 2026 Manchester South
Department of Health and Social Care NHS Blood and Transplant Service
Concerns summary (AI summary) A national shortage of donor livers, particularly for "super urgent" children, is exacerbated by clinical guidance. This has led to extended waiting times, significantly increasing the risk of lives being lost due to organ unavailability.
2 responses from NHS Blood and Transplant Service, Department of Health Social Care
Summer Mant
No Identified Response
2026-0118 27 Feb 2026 South Wales Central
Aneurin Bevan University Health Board Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board Cabinet Secretary for Health and Social… +7 more
Concerns summary (AI summary) A delay in obtaining adrenaline during resuscitation occurred due to non-standardised paediatric crash trolleys across hospitals, hindering junior doctors in a time-critical situation.
Yunus Hoque
All Responded
2026-0113 26 Feb 2026 Manchester South
North West Ambulance Service
Concerns summary (AI summary) NWAS failed to communicate significant ambulance delays to callers, even when a patient's condition deteriorated from Category 2 to 1. This lack of follow-up risks further deaths.
Action Taken (AI summary) • NWAS has implemented a number of steps to ensure more accurate estimated time of arrival information is provided to callers. • Estimated times of arrival are now provided based on information from each of the areas within the Trust: North Cumbria, South Cumbria and Lancashire, Greater Manchester, and Cheshire and Merseyside.
Edward Jones
Partially Responded
2026-0096 13 Feb 2026 West Yorkshire East
National Institute for Health and Care … NHS England
Concerns summary (AI summary) There is no nationally validated sepsis screening tool for Paediatric Emergency Departments, and the trust's own tool lacks consistent application between departments.
Action Taken (AI summary) • NHS England rolled out the National Paediatric Early Warning System (NPEWS) in November 2023, a national standardised approach of tracking the deterioration of children in hospital. • The NPEWS incorporates a sepsis trigger which encompasses the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges guidance. • The RCPH and NHS England are currently trialling an Emergency Department (ED) NPEWS, and this should be published this year.
Brody O’Brien
All Responded
2026-0084 9 Feb 2026 Lancashire and Blackburn with Darwen
Health and Safety Executive Rossendale Borough Council
Concerns summary (AI summary) An unsecured ligature point was accessible, and emergency services faced difficult, treacherous access to the location, hindering timely intervention.
Action Taken (AI summary) • A copy of the report was sent to the owner of Sunnyside Works, together with a s29 Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1982, requiring the building to be secured. • The Council has been in communication with the owner of the Albert Mill site and they have confirmed that they are agreeable to taking access over their land to his property in order to carry out the securing of the building. • The Council has been working alongside of the Health and Safety Executive and officers have spoken with him both over the telephone and in person on site. • HSE inspected the site in November 2025 and took enforcement action regarding improvements to site security. • A further visit was made on 17th March 2026 to re-assess site security and the necessary improvements to the site fencing have been made. • Liaison with legal and planning representatives from Rossendale Borough Council took place to share concerns and ensure that both organisations are working together.
Elise Sebastian
All Responded
2026-0078 8 Feb 2026 Essex
Essex University Partnership Trust
Concerns summary (AI summary) Mental health ward staff lacked neurodiversity training and were inexperienced, leading to insufficient staffing, missed patient observations, and incorrect medication charting.
Action Taken (AI summary) • The Trust has implemented the 'Oliver McGowan' training module. • Tier 1 provides training on LD and ASD for those who require general awareness of the support Autistic People or those with LD may need. • Tier 2 delivers the above alongside providing di
Mia Lucas
All Responded
2026-0070 2 Feb 2026 South Yorkshire West
NHS England
Concerns summary (AI summary) A lack of national guidance for clinicians on considering and diagnosing Autoimmune Encephalitis creates a risk of missed diagnoses and future deaths.
Noted (AI summary) The Royal College of Psychiatrists has invested in the development of a national consensus guideline on the neuropsychiatry of autoimmune conditions. This guidance, which will provide clinical red flag features, investigation strategies, and referral thresholds, is anticipated to be formally released within the next six months. The British Paediatric Neurology Association confirmed the lack of specific current guidelines on Autoimmune Encephalitis for children and young people. They expressed a willingness to be involved if a NICE Guideline were commissioned and highlighted delays in NMDA receptor antibody testing across the UK. The Department for Health and Social Care considers the concerns about national guidance on Autoimmune Encephalitis more appropriately addressed by NHS England and has advised that NHS England will provide a direct response.
Avery Hall
All Responded
2026-0048 2 Feb 2026 Sunderland
Riverview Surgery Royal College of General Practitioners
Concerns summary (AI summary) A GP failed to provide specific advice on Candesartan risks during pregnancy, and the medication remained on repeat prescription, approved without review or system alerts, risking foetal harm.
Noted (AI summary) Riverview Surgery has implemented a new Standard Operating Protocol (SOP) for prescribing medication to women of childbearing age, which includes stopping contraindicated medication and advising patients if they become pregnant. The frequency of reviews for female patients on ARB medication has been increased to three-monthly. The RCGP outlined its role in setting prescribing standards and mentioned the mandatory Prescribing Assessment introduced in 2019. It suggested exploration with system suppliers regarding alerts for existing repeat prescriptions when a patient becomes pregnant, and highlighted the new Learning From Patient Safety Exercise reporting system.
Pippa Gillibrand
All Responded
2026-0042 27 Jan 2026 Cheshire
Department of Health and Social Care National Institution for health and car… NHS England +1 more
Concerns summary (AI summary) A critical lack of national guidance exists for home births, covering midwife training, competency, staffing, equipment, and transfer thresholds, alongside an absence of outcome data collection.
Disputed (AI summary) • On 26 November 2025, NHS England wrote to all NHS maternity providers in England asking them to urgently review the safety and quality of their homebirth services. • NHS England urged them to consider issues such as the operational running of their service and care planning and risk assessment. • NICE stated that home birth is covered in its guideline on intrapartum care (NG235). • The guideline covers eligibility, informed choice, and midwife support for home births. • The guideline includes recommendations that support further discussion with an appropriately trained senior or consultant midwife and/or a senior or consultant obstetrician (if there are obstetric issues) if such a discussion is wanted. • Officials made enquiries with NHS England to address the coroner's concerns. • NHS England will be issuing a substantive response addressing the specific matters of concern raised. • NHS England is asking for an urgent review of the safety and quality of homebirth services. • The review should consider the operational running of the service, care planning and risk assessment, and governance and oversight.
Sidra Aliabase
Partially Responded
2026-0031 21 Jan 2026 Inner West London
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital Great Ormond Street Hospital
Concerns summary (AI summary) Failures included not expediting Long QT Syndrome diagnosis, inadequate communication of expert opinion, a five-fold medication overdose, and a significant delay in recognizing and treating subsequent hypocalcaemia.
Action Taken (AI summary) • Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust has reviewed its current on-call paediatric cardiology service to identify and implement the necessary actions to ensure that patients like Sidra are cared for in the safest way possible in future. • The number of resident doctors on-call has doubled. • One clinician is designated to take incoming calls from external hospitals, whilst the other resident can focus on internal communication and communicating advice to, and following up with, external hospitals after referral into the service.
Matilda Pomfret-Thomas
All Responded
2026-0025 15 Jan 2026 Hampshire, Portsmouth Southampton
Department of Health and Social Care NICE Nursing and Midwifery Council
Concerns summary (AI summary) A lack of regulation, registration, and clear guidance for doulas creates confusion about their role, risks them working outside clinical boundaries, and poses challenges for midwives and patient care.
Disputed (AI summary) NICE acknowledged the concerns but stated that the registration, regulation, and training of doulas are not their responsibility and are better addressed by other bodies such as the NMC, RCM, and RCOG. Developing Doulas submitted a voluntary response, disputing the perception that the doula's presence negatively impacted midwifery services. They argued that the doula acted within a non-clinical support role and that difficulties highlight the need for strengthening communication and collaborative working with non-clinical supporters. The Department of Health and Social Care acknowledged concerns about unregulated doulas, clarified their current status as non-regulated professionals, and outlined the roles of other bodies like the NMC and NICE. They stated that NHS England will not be producing guidance for midwives' interactions with doulas. The NMC has updated its guidance and collaborated with Doula UK to launch a video resource clarifying the distinct roles of midwives and doulas to support positive maternity experiences. They stated that doula registration, regulation, and training are beyond their remit and a matter for government policy.
Theo Tuikubulau
No Identified Response
2026-0006 6 Jan 2026 Devon, Plymouth and Torbay
NHS England
Concerns summary (AI summary) Two distinct triage systems for 999 and 111 calls create a two-tiered ambulance categorisation for similar urgent breathing complications, potentially delaying critical responses based on the system used.
Mohamed Abdisamad
All Responded
2025-0644 28 Dec 2025 West London
Department for Health and Social Care, …
Concerns summary (AI summary) There is a complete absence of regulation for Non-Therapeutic Male Circumcisions, including no requirements for training, accreditation, consent, record-keeping, infection control, or crucial aftercare.
Noted (AI summary) MHCLG acknowledges the concerns but states that the Department of Health and Social Care is the lead department and has provided a comprehensive response. MHCLG will liaise with DHSC regarding non-statutory measures. The Department of Health and Social Care is liaising with other government departments and plans to engage with stakeholders regarding non-statutory measures to improve patient safety in the area of non-therapeutic male circumcision. They highlight existing guidance and resources available.
Edward Jones
All Responded
2025-0633 18 Dec 2025 West Yorkshire Eastern
National Institute for Health and Care …
Concerns summary (AI summary) The absence of a nationally validated sepsis screening tool for Paediatric Emergency Departments and inconsistent application of the trust's own tool across units risk delayed sepsis diagnosis.
Action Planned (AI summary) NICE acknowledges the difficulty of recognising sepsis in children and highlights existing guidance and screening tools. They are planning to update their guidance on paediatric sepsis in 2026, considering adapting the current 'traffic light' system to one based on NPEWS.
Syeda Fatima
All Responded
2025-0613 Birmingham and Solihull
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Fou…
Concerns summary (AI summary) Significant and systemic cultural tensions, including hierarchy and bullying, between midwifery and obstetric staff contributed to critical delays in patient care and decision-making.
Action Taken (AI summary) The Trust acknowledges cultural and systemic concerns in maternity services, stating significant improvements have already been made. They have also outlined an action plan with key initiatives to be undertaken, including daily multidisciplinary huddles, enhanced leadership training, simulation, and structured senior leader walkarounds.
Izzah Ali
All Responded
2025-0623 11 Dec 2025 Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly
Cornwall Council Cornwall Partnership NHS Foundation Tru… ICB +1 more
Concerns summary (AI summary) Healthcare professionals failed to inquire about the contents of 'bottle-fed' milk and did not use interpreters for a non-English speaking mother, reflecting a lack of professional curiosity and adherence to guidance.
Action Planned (AI summary) Royal Cornwall Hospital is changing their language in the Emergency Department when asking parents about how babies are fed from ‘bottle’ to ‘formula’ and this will be reflected in ED documentation. Maternity services use routine enquiry about the exact nature of bottle feeding as a mandatory question at every safe opportunity and have an Enhanced Continuity Pathway developed and implemented along with pregnancy circles with face-to-face translators. Cornwall Council has secured funding to rewrite/update the ‘Essential Guide to feeding and caring for your baby’, deliver a mandatory webinar on language/terminology and safe formula guidance by the end of January 2026, finalise and publish Interpretation SOP and add targeted checks on recording "what’s in the bottle". Cornwall Partnership NHS Foundation Trust has instructed Minor Injuries Unit staff to ask for specific details if there are any concerns about a child’s nutrition including what is being fed. Staff have also been reminded that children attending the MIU should be weighed on each visit, and for those aged 2 and under, this should also be recorded in the child’s red book.
Izzah Ali
No Identified Response
2025-0622 11 Dec 2025 Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly
Education and Children’s Community Heal…
Concerns summary (AI summary) The 'Essential Guide to feeding your Baby' is inadequate as it fails to explicitly warn against giving cow's milk to infants under one year due to the risk of anaemia.
Urielle Kuyenga
All Responded
2025-0635 9 Dec 2025 East London
Barts Health NHS Trust Department of Health and Social Care East London Cooperatives Ltd +1 more
Concerns summary (AI summary) A critical communication breakdown between hospital and GP regarding medication monitoring, combined with repeated failures by GPs to check clinical records, left a child unprotected from fatal infection.
Action Planned (AI summary) Barts Health NHS Trust's Haemoglobinopathy Coordinating Centre (HCC) is developing a website with information to support families and has appointed a governance lead to lead on network wide quality improvement and governance. They are also involved in an exhibition to challenge staff attitudes and behaviours towards patients. Maylands Healthcare has undertaken an annual audit of patients with Sickle Cell Disease, proactively contacts them for medication reviews, liaises with specialists, changes medications to electronic repeat dispensing, and shares learning points from Significant Event Analyses with staff. They have also added clear alerts in each clinical record and all clinical staff have undertaken mandatory Sepsis training. The Department of Health and Social Care has introduced an incentive for GPs to identify patients who would benefit most from continuity of care, and has implemented "Jess's Rule", encouraging clinicians to re-evaluate symptoms if a patient's condition remains unresolved after three consultations. NHS England is also working to improve education and awareness of sickle cell disease amongst healthcare staff and for patients and carers. Partnership of East London Co-operatives (PELC) has shared organisational learning regarding the importance of reviewing patient records and included this requirement in staff contracts. They are also implementing an alert within clinical records for all children presenting with sickle cell disease.
Antonio Galisi-Swallow
All Responded
2025-0608 4 Dec 2025 West Yorkshire Eastern
National Institute for Health and Care … Paediatric Critical Care Society National Clinical Director for Children…
Concerns summary (AI summary) There is an absence of national guidance for the use of propofol for short-term sedation in children and young people in paediatric intensive care units.
Noted (AI summary) NICE declines to develop national guidance on propofol for short-term sedation in children on PICUs, stating that local protocols are more appropriate due to varying local prescribing issues. They suggest that NHS England or the Paediatric Critical Care Society could consider suggesting that all PICUs develop local protocols.
Abdullah Ali
All Responded
2025-0604 1 Dec 2025 Inner North London
Granddwell Estates
Concerns summary (AI summary) Extensive and thick black mould in the property managed by Granddwell Estates poses a significant risk of future deaths.
Action Taken (AI summary) The property was inspected by the London Borough of Hackney, an Improvement Notice was served, required remedial works were undertaken, and temporary accommodation was offered. The Council has since reinspected the property, with only formal confirmation outstanding.
Evelyn Rae Le Masurier-O’Sullivan
No Identified Response
2025-0597 26 Nov 2025 South London
Crown Commercial Services NHS England
Concerns summary (AI summary) Midwifery staff failed to elicit and act upon parental concerns about a baby's breathing and crying during postnatal contacts, leading to missed neonatal assessments and escalation.