PFD Response Tracker

Prevention of Future Deaths
Total: 6,254 Responded: 4,641 No identified response (past 2 years): 54 Pending: 92 Historic with no identified response: 1,338
How statuses are calculated — 56-day deadline, Judiciary.UK data
Recipients have 56 days to respond under Regulation 28. We use the deadline stated in the report where available, otherwise we calculate it from the report date. We rely on Judiciary.UK for response data, so if a response has been provided but not yet published there, it may show incorrectly here. "No identified response", "Pending", and "Historic" only count reports where no response at all has been identified as published on Judiciary.UK. If at least one response has been published for a report, it counts as "Responded" — even if not every listed addressee has a separate published response. This is because addressee data from Judiciary.UK can be unreliable: address fragments, job titles, and redacted names are sometimes parsed as separate addressees, and a single response PDF may cover multiple parties. "Historic with no identified response" means we have not been able to identify a published response, but the report is more than two years old. We do not mark these as overdue or pending because older reports may well have received a response that was simply never made public. This is a neutral status indicating absence of an identified published record, not confirmed non-compliance.
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6,254 reports · Page 98 of 126
Date Deceased Addressee(s) Status Responses
4 Apr 2016 Kristian Jaworski
A presumption in favour of vaginal delivery, partly driven by cost, needs to be re-evaluated to ensure patient …
Department of Health and Social … All Responded 1/1
1 Apr 2016 Roy Oakley
No specific concerns were detailed in the provided text.
Basildon Hospital Trust Historic (No Identified Response) 0/1
1 Apr 2016 Lillian Hursell
Faulty bedrail mechanisms led to instability, and staff provided inappropriate first aid after a patient's fall by moving …
Ranc Care Home Ltd All Responded 1/1
1 Apr 2016 Arthur Mason
Staff lacked formal risk assessment training and failed to identify risks for farm tasks, compounded by the absence …
Maurice Mason Ltd All Responded 1/1
31 Mar 2016 Sheila Slater
A staggered junction, despite meeting design specifications, has a concerning history of multiple fatalities and injury-producing collisions, suggesting …
Department for Transport All Responded 1/1
31 Mar 2016 David Curtis
Inconsistent and inadequate road signage fails to warn motorists of a critical left-hand bend immediately beyond a hill …
Devon County Council All Responded 1/1
31 Mar 2016 John Watt
The lack of a safe or controlled pedestrian crossing on the main A25 road in Abinger Hammer village …
Surrey Local Highways Services Group … All Responded 1/1
30 Mar 2016 Steven Nicholson
The A1018 slip road lacks appropriate lighting to identify sudden hazards and crucial signage warning motorists of flooding …
Durham County Council All Responded 1/1
29 Mar 2016 Adam Miles
The hotel allowed smoking near the canal without adequate barriers to prevent falls, and the canal itself lacked …
Canal and River Trust Hilton Hotel All Responded 2/2
29 Mar 2016 Pamela Thurston
The care home failed to update the care plan for a patient with a choking risk and left …
Caring Homes Healthcare Group Limited Cedar Care Home Partially Responded 1/2
29 Mar 2016 Dorota Kijowska
The outcome of a critical review meeting was not formally signed off by attendees nor clearly communicated to …
North Essex Partnership University NHS … Historic (No Identified Response) 0/1
23 Mar 2016 Lincoln Brady
Conflicting examination results during labour were not adequately investigated, leading to an undiagnosed breach presentation and preventing appropriate …
South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation … All Responded 1/1
23 Mar 2016 Alwyn Head
Failures included not establishing MRSA history, withholding prophylactic antibiotics, lacking a post-operative wound care plan, and providing meaningless …
Medway NHS Foundation Trust All Responded 1/1
23 Mar 2016 June Parkes
Significant delays occurred in urgent endoscopies due to inadequate protocols for 'in-hours' care and re-bleeds, and a lack …
Calderdale Royal Hospital Historic (No Identified Response) 0/1
23 Mar 2016 Alan Dimbleby
Self-propelled sprayers lack operator seat restraints, risking operators being thrown from the vehicle if it overturns. HSE guidance …
Bateman Engineering Ltd Health and Safety Executive All Responded 2/2
23 Mar 2016 Mandeep Singh
Ambulance arrival was significantly delayed due to severe demand, staff shortages, and challenges presented by road closures and …
North East Ambulance Service NHS … All Responded 1/1
22 Mar 2016 Jane Bell
Insufficient poolside supervision at the hotel due to infrequent patrols and reliance on CCTV monitored by reception staff …
Dalmeny Hotal All Responded 1/1
19 Mar 2016 Ann Jacobs
There is a lack of consistent 8-hourly potassium level monitoring and adherence to Trust guidance for patients diagnosed …
Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation … Historic (No Identified Response) 0/1
18 Mar 2016 Jonathan Lander
A critical policy for tracking patients discharged between services has not been implemented since 2015, despite being identified …
Worcestershire Health and Care NHS … All Responded 1/1
18 Mar 2016 Rubana Pathan
Medical professionals and implant manufacturers lack awareness that a rare toxin causing sepsis can suppress typical inflammation signs, …
Homerton University Hospital NHS Trust Johnson and Johnson Medical Devices Partially Responded 1/2
17 Mar 2016 Philmore Mills
Police training for subjects with suspected excited delirium lacks instruction on containment tactics and fails to inform officers …
College of Policing National Police Chiefs’ Council Partially Responded 1/2
17 Mar 2016 Jacqueline Scott
The BIPAP machine's battery alarm is visually obscured and lacks a distinct sound, hindering staff recognition of critical …
Phillips Healthcare St Georges University Hospitals NHS … Department of Health and Social … Partially Responded 2/3
16 Mar 2016 Helen England
No protocol or guidance exists for Mental Health Nurses regarding doctor referral decisions when discharging self-harm patients, particularly …
Department of Health and Social … All Responded 1/1
16 Mar 2016 Steven May
Prison healthcare suffered from reception nursing staff failing to consult medical notes, lacking mental health expertise, and incomplete …
National Offender Management Service HMP Ranby Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust Partially Responded 2/3
15 Mar 2016 Anna Masson
A new mental health referral screening pathway, conducted by junior staff, may not be robust enough to identify …
Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust All Responded 1/1
14 Mar 2016 Margaret Metcalfe
Both a patient's hand-held buzzer and specialist bed alarm failed to alert staff when she got out of …
Rosedale Care Home All Responded 1/1
11 Mar 2016 Amelia Calvo
The death was contributed to by inadequate guarding of an endotracheal tube in a ventilated baby and a …
Department of Health and Social … All Responded 1/1
11 Mar 2016 Jason Vaughan
The IAPT electronic patient record system has insufficient narrative detail, and its risk assessment tool cannot track minor …
Rotherham, Doncaster and South Humber … All Responded 1/1
10 Mar 2016 Christine Stevenson
Large volumes of Oramorph solution, despite containing less than 0.2% morphine, are prescribed without sufficient control. This poses …
Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory … All Responded 2/1
10 Mar 2016 Derek Nixon
A lorry driver's elevated cab position prevented seeing a pedestrian crossing directly in front of the vehicle, resulting …
Staffordshire County Council All Responded 1/1
10 Mar 2016 Charles Newby
There are no life rings installed at Lock 19 on the Calder Canal, creating a clear risk of …
Canal River Trust Historic (No Identified Response) 0/1
9 Mar 2016 Robert Walker
A road bend lacks adequate deviation markings, a tree trunk near the carriageway edge endangers road users, and …
Tandridge District Council Historic (No Identified Response) 0/1
9 Mar 2016 John Rogers
The health board's current systems are inadequate to ensure staff possess appropriate and up-to-date qualifications and training for …
Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board All Responded 1/1
9 Mar 2016 William Higgleton
A critical lack of psychotherapy services for patients with anti-social personality disorder means their primary treatment is unavailable, …
North East London Foundation Trust … Redbridge Clinical Commissioning Group Partially Responded 1/2
8 Mar 2016 Elsie Tindle
The insufficient number of Second Opinion Appointed Doctors (SOADs) leads to delays, causing practitioners to default to urgent …
Department of Health and Social … All Responded 1/1
7 Mar 2016 Patricia Thomas
A significant lack of awareness among health professionals regarding the dangerous interaction between Miconazole Gel and Warfarin, combined …
BMA General Dental Council NHS England: Wales and Scotland Royal College of GPs Royal Pharmaceutical Society Historic (No Identified Response) 0/5
6 Mar 2016 Edward Paddon-Bramley
Significant discrepancies exist between national guidelines (NICE) and local Trust practices/consultant views regarding the treatment of prolonged rupture …
Royal College of Obstetricians and … N.I.C.E Department of Health and Social … National Screening Committee Partially Responded 2/4
4 Mar 2016 Lee Gaunt
The Fire and Rescue Service failed to provide effective occupational health support, assigning extra duties to a distressed …
Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue … All Responded 1/1
4 Mar 2016 Ranjan Mistry
Multiple systemic failures included inadequate falls risk assessment, missing neurological charts, poor communication between medical and nursing staff, …
Tameside Hospital NHS Foundation Trust All Responded 1/1
4 Mar 2016 Marjorie Booth
Concerns were raised about an apparent hospital policy not to routinely perform CT scans for suspected fractures, even …
Stockport NHS Foundation Trust Historic (No Identified Response) 0/1
4 Mar 2016 Elsie Raper
A patient's severe tibia and fibula fractures remained undiagnosed for four days despite regular medical visits, leading to …
County Durham and Darlington NHS … Grosvenor Park Care Home Neasham Road Surgery Partially Responded 2/3
3 Mar 2016 Aleeza Ahmed
Chamfered kerbstones and the absence of a protective Armco barrier on a central reservation were identified as potential …
Stockport Council All Responded 1/1
3 Mar 2016 Stewart Akins
Critical information about the deceased's repeated suicide intentions recorded in police custody was not relayed to the Magistrates' …
West Mercia Constabulary All Responded 1/1
3 Mar 2016 Ronald Bentley
A previously unrecognised risk of air entering the vascular system during a cardiac procedure with conscious sedation was …
British Cardiac Intervention Society British Society of Interventional Radiology Partially Responded 1/2
3 Mar 2016 Christopher Stubbs
The abrupt cessation of critical medication upon hospital discharge, with a follow-up GP review failing to occur, highlighted …
Wibsey and Queensbury Medical Practice Historic (No Identified Response) 0/1
3 Mar 2016 Adam Rice
There was poor communication between the hospital and police regarding a patient's self-discharge against medical advice, compounded by …
St James’s University Hospital West Yorkshire Police Partially Responded 1/2
2 Mar 2016 Christ Morrison
Concerns centred on unclear training standards and lack of medical presence during paediatric tracheostomy tube changes, with a …
Queen Mary’s Hospital for Children All Responded 1/1
2 Mar 2016 Curt Falk
A patient died from a viral infection (SCC) preventable by vaccination, but current policy excludes males from this …
Department of Health and Social … All Responded 1/1
1 Mar 2016 Peter Embra
A local authority failed to act on an urgent GP referral for a patient assessment, leading to a …
Warwickshire County Council Historic (No Identified Response) 0/1
1 Mar 2016 Max Haigh
Inadequate and incomplete surgical notes failed to detail a ventricular septal defect, risking future surgeons lacking vital information …
St James’s University Hospital Historic (No Identified Response) 0/1
Kristian Jaworski
All Responded
4 Apr 2016 · London (North) · 1/1 responses
A presumption in favour of vaginal delivery, partly driven by cost, needs to be re-evaluated to ensure patient safety and appropriate medical decision-making.
Department of Health and …
Roy Oakley
Historic (No Identified Response)
1 Apr 2016 · Essex · 0/1 responses
No specific concerns were detailed in the provided text.
Basildon Hospital Trust
Lillian Hursell
All Responded
1 Apr 2016 · Mid Kent and Medway · 1/1 responses
Faulty bedrail mechanisms led to instability, and staff provided inappropriate first aid after a patient's fall by moving her without assessing potential head and neck …
Ranc Care Home Ltd
Arthur Mason
All Responded
1 Apr 2016 · Norfolk · 1/1 responses
Staff lacked formal risk assessment training and failed to identify risks for farm tasks, compounded by the absence of a comprehensive emergency plan for hazardous …
Maurice Mason Ltd
Sheila Slater
All Responded
31 Mar 2016 · South Lincolnshire · 1/1 responses
A staggered junction, despite meeting design specifications, has a concerning history of multiple fatalities and injury-producing collisions, suggesting inherent safety issues with the junction's design.
Department for Transport
David Curtis
All Responded
31 Mar 2016 · Exeter and Greater Devon · 1/1 responses
Inconsistent and inadequate road signage fails to warn motorists of a critical left-hand bend immediately beyond a hill crest, unlike the opposite direction which has …
Devon County Council
John Watt
All Responded
31 Mar 2016 · Surrey · 1/1 responses
The lack of a safe or controlled pedestrian crossing on the main A25 road in Abinger Hammer village poses a significant risk to locals and …
Surrey Local Highways Services …
Steven Nicholson
All Responded
30 Mar 2016 · Newcastle Upon Tyne · 1/1 responses
The A1018 slip road lacks appropriate lighting to identify sudden hazards and crucial signage warning motorists of flooding risks.
Durham County Council
Adam Miles
All Responded
29 Mar 2016 · South Yorkshire (West) · 2/2 responses
The hotel allowed smoking near the canal without adequate barriers to prevent falls, and the canal itself lacked any means of escape for individuals who …
Canal and River Trust Hilton Hotel
Pamela Thurston
Partially Responded
29 Mar 2016 · Norfolk · 1/2 responses
The care home failed to update the care plan for a patient with a choking risk and left her unsupervised to eat after a 17-hour …
Caring Homes Healthcare Group … Cedar Care Home
Dorota Kijowska
Historic (No Identified Response)
29 Mar 2016 · Essex · 0/1 responses
The outcome of a critical review meeting was not formally signed off by attendees nor clearly communicated to the patient, leading to a lack of …
North Essex Partnership University …
Lincoln Brady
All Responded
23 Mar 2016 · Teesside · 1/1 responses
Conflicting examination results during labour were not adequately investigated, leading to an undiagnosed breach presentation and preventing appropriate planning for delivery.
South Tees Hospitals NHS …
Alwyn Head
All Responded
23 Mar 2016 · Mid Kent and Medway · 1/1 responses
Failures included not establishing MRSA history, withholding prophylactic antibiotics, lacking a post-operative wound care plan, and providing meaningless wound documentation, compromising patient safety.
Medway NHS Foundation Trust
June Parkes
Historic (No Identified Response)
23 Mar 2016 · West Yorkshire (West) · 0/1 responses
Significant delays occurred in urgent endoscopies due to inadequate protocols for 'in-hours' care and re-bleeds, and a lack of 'out-of-hours' emergency endoscopy/surgery. Concerns also include …
Calderdale Royal Hospital
Alan Dimbleby
All Responded
23 Mar 2016 · Surrey · 2/2 responses
Self-propelled sprayers lack operator seat restraints, risking operators being thrown from the vehicle if it overturns. HSE guidance may inappropriately suggest these restraints are not …
Bateman Engineering Ltd Health and Safety Executive
Mandeep Singh
All Responded
23 Mar 2016 · Teesside · 1/1 responses
Ambulance arrival was significantly delayed due to severe demand, staff shortages, and challenges presented by road closures and diversions.
North East Ambulance Service …
Jane Bell
All Responded
22 Mar 2016 · Blackpool and Fylde · 1/1 responses
Insufficient poolside supervision at the hotel due to infrequent patrols and reliance on CCTV monitored by reception staff who are also busy with other tasks, …
Dalmeny Hotal
Ann Jacobs
Historic (No Identified Response)
19 Mar 2016 · Derbyshire · 0/1 responses
There is a lack of consistent 8-hourly potassium level monitoring and adherence to Trust guidance for patients diagnosed with severe hypokalaemia, posing a risk of …
Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS …
Jonathan Lander
All Responded
18 Mar 2016 · Worcestershire · 1/1 responses
A critical policy for tracking patients discharged between services has not been implemented since 2015, despite being identified as necessary by a Root Cause Analysis, …
Worcestershire Health and Care …
Rubana Pathan
Partially Responded
18 Mar 2016 · London North (Inner) · 1/2 responses
Medical professionals and implant manufacturers lack awareness that a rare toxin causing sepsis can suppress typical inflammation signs, potentially delaying diagnosis and treatment for patients …
Homerton University Hospital NHS … Johnson and Johnson Medical …
Philmore Mills
Partially Responded
17 Mar 2016 · Berkshire · 1/2 responses
Police training for subjects with suspected excited delirium lacks instruction on containment tactics and fails to inform officers that restraint take-down procedures can carry a …
College of Policing National Police Chiefs’ Council
Jacqueline Scott
Partially Responded
17 Mar 2016 · London Inner (West) · 2/3 responses
The BIPAP machine's battery alarm is visually obscured and lacks a distinct sound, hindering staff recognition of critical power loss due to inadequate training. The …
Phillips Healthcare St Georges University Hospitals … Department of Health and …
Helen England
All Responded
16 Mar 2016 · Manchester West · 1/1 responses
No protocol or guidance exists for Mental Health Nurses regarding doctor referral decisions when discharging self-harm patients, particularly those on a Community Treatment Order, creating …
Department of Health and …
Steven May
Partially Responded
16 Mar 2016 · Nottinghamshire · 2/3 responses
Prison healthcare suffered from reception nursing staff failing to consult medical notes, lacking mental health expertise, and incomplete ACCT documents. Inadequate First Aid/CPR training and …
National Offender Management Service HMP Ranby Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation …
Anna Masson
All Responded
15 Mar 2016 · Central Hampshire · 1/1 responses
A new mental health referral screening pathway, conducted by junior staff, may not be robust enough to identify urgent cases, and there is inconsistent practice …
Southern Health NHS Foundation …
Margaret Metcalfe
All Responded
14 Mar 2016 · Teesside · 1/1 responses
Both a patient's hand-held buzzer and specialist bed alarm failed to alert staff when she got out of bed, resulting in a fall that was …
Rosedale Care Home
Amelia Calvo
All Responded
11 Mar 2016 · Manchester City · 1/1 responses
The death was contributed to by inadequate guarding of an endotracheal tube in a ventilated baby and a critical breakdown in communication among medical staff …
Department of Health and …
Jason Vaughan
All Responded
11 Mar 2016 · South Yorkshire (East) · 1/1 responses
The IAPT electronic patient record system has insufficient narrative detail, and its risk assessment tool cannot track minor patient deterioration. Practitioners may also lack awareness …
Rotherham, Doncaster and South …
Christine Stevenson
All Responded
10 Mar 2016 · Manchester (South) · 2/1 responses
Large volumes of Oramorph solution, despite containing less than 0.2% morphine, are prescribed without sufficient control. This poses a serious and potentially fatal risk to …
Medicines and Healthcare Products …
Derek Nixon
All Responded
10 Mar 2016 · Stoke on Trent and North Staffordshire · 1/1 responses
A lorry driver's elevated cab position prevented seeing a pedestrian crossing directly in front of the vehicle, resulting in a fatal collision and highlighting pedestrian …
Staffordshire County Council
Charles Newby
Historic (No Identified Response)
10 Mar 2016 · West Yorkshire (Western) · 0/1 responses
There are no life rings installed at Lock 19 on the Calder Canal, creating a clear risk of future deaths from drowning.
Canal River Trust
Robert Walker
Historic (No Identified Response)
9 Mar 2016 · London (South) · 0/1 responses
A road bend lacks adequate deviation markings, a tree trunk near the carriageway edge endangers road users, and a path's slippery surface could cause walkers …
Tandridge District Council
John Rogers
All Responded
9 Mar 2016 · North Wales (East and Central) · 1/1 responses
The health board's current systems are inadequate to ensure staff possess appropriate and up-to-date qualifications and training for their required work.
Betsi Cadwaladr University Health …
William Higgleton
Partially Responded
9 Mar 2016 · London (East) · 1/2 responses
A critical lack of psychotherapy services for patients with anti-social personality disorder means their primary treatment is unavailable, creating a risk of future deaths.
North East London Foundation … Redbridge Clinical Commissioning Group
Elsie Tindle
All Responded
8 Mar 2016 · Sunderland · 1/1 responses
The insufficient number of Second Opinion Appointed Doctors (SOADs) leads to delays, causing practitioners to default to urgent powers for ECT, risking the bypass of …
Department of Health and …
Patricia Thomas
Historic (No Identified Response)
7 Mar 2016 · Swansea · 0/5 responses
A significant lack of awareness among health professionals regarding the dangerous interaction between Miconazole Gel and Warfarin, combined with unclear information resources, risks uncontrolled bleeding.
BMA General Dental Council NHS England: Wales and … Royal College of GPs Royal Pharmaceutical Society
Edward Paddon-Bramley
Partially Responded
6 Mar 2016 · London Inner (South) · 2/4 responses
Significant discrepancies exist between national guidelines (NICE) and local Trust practices/consultant views regarding the treatment of prolonged rupture of membranes and Group B Strep screening …
Royal College of Obstetricians … N.I.C.E Department of Health and … National Screening Committee
Lee Gaunt
All Responded
4 Mar 2016 · Manchester South · 1/1 responses
The Fire and Rescue Service failed to provide effective occupational health support, assigning extra duties to a distressed employee after a colleague's death, indicating a …
Greater Manchester Fire and …
Ranjan Mistry
All Responded
4 Mar 2016 · Manchester (South) · 1/1 responses
Multiple systemic failures included inadequate falls risk assessment, missing neurological charts, poor communication between medical and nursing staff, immediate shredding of handover sheets, and insufficient …
Tameside Hospital NHS Foundation …
Marjorie Booth
Historic (No Identified Response)
4 Mar 2016 · Manchester (South) · 0/1 responses
Concerns were raised about an apparent hospital policy not to routinely perform CT scans for suspected fractures, even when the risk of missing a fracture …
Stockport NHS Foundation Trust
Elsie Raper
Partially Responded
4 Mar 2016 · County Durham and Darlington · 2/3 responses
A patient's severe tibia and fibula fractures remained undiagnosed for four days despite regular medical visits, leading to extreme pain and contributing to her death.
County Durham and Darlington … Grosvenor Park Care Home Neasham Road Surgery
Aleeza Ahmed
All Responded
3 Mar 2016 · Manchester (South) · 1/1 responses
Chamfered kerbstones and the absence of a protective Armco barrier on a central reservation were identified as potential factors contributing to a vehicle overturning and …
Stockport Council
Stewart Akins
All Responded
3 Mar 2016 · Worcestershire · 1/1 responses
Critical information about the deceased's repeated suicide intentions recorded in police custody was not relayed to the Magistrates' Court, leading to bail being granted without …
West Mercia Constabulary
Ronald Bentley
Partially Responded
3 Mar 2016 · Birmingham and Solihull · 1/2 responses
A previously unrecognised risk of air entering the vascular system during a cardiac procedure with conscious sedation was identified, highlighting a critical lack of awareness …
British Cardiac Intervention Society British Society of Interventional …
Christopher Stubbs
Historic (No Identified Response)
3 Mar 2016 · West Yorkshire (West) · 0/1 responses
The abrupt cessation of critical medication upon hospital discharge, with a follow-up GP review failing to occur, highlighted a need to improve systems for acting …
Wibsey and Queensbury Medical …
Adam Rice
Partially Responded
3 Mar 2016 · West Yorkshire (East) · 1/2 responses
There was poor communication between the hospital and police regarding a patient's self-discharge against medical advice, compounded by inconsistent custody care, staff shortages, inadequate handovers, …
St James’s University Hospital West Yorkshire Police
Christ Morrison
All Responded
2 Mar 2016 · London Inner (South) · 1/1 responses
Concerns centred on unclear training standards and lack of medical presence during paediatric tracheostomy tube changes, with a policy for emergency transfer rather than onsite …
Queen Mary’s Hospital for …
Curt Falk
All Responded
2 Mar 2016 · London Inner (North) · 1/1 responses
A patient died from a viral infection (SCC) preventable by vaccination, but current policy excludes males from this vaccination, indicating a risk of future deaths …
Department of Health and …
Peter Embra
Historic (No Identified Response)
1 Mar 2016 · Warwickshire · 0/1 responses
A local authority failed to act on an urgent GP referral for a patient assessment, leading to a significant one-week delay before a social worker …
Warwickshire County Council
Max Haigh
Historic (No Identified Response)
1 Mar 2016 · West Yorkshire (East) · 0/1 responses
Inadequate and incomplete surgical notes failed to detail a ventricular septal defect, risking future surgeons lacking vital information for subsequent operations.
St James’s University Hospital