The principle of this recommendation closely aligns with the approach taken by NHS England in the existing NHS oversight framework. NHS England has statutory accountability for oversight of both ICBs and NHS providers. In general, NHS England will discharge their duties in collaboration with ICBs, asking ICBs to oversee and seek to resolve local issues before escalation. In some exceptional circumstances, such as where enforcement action is required, NHS England will intervene directly with providers. Should such intervention be required this will happen with the full awareness of the relevant ICB.