The Government considers the understanding and mitigation of negative indirect impacts to be imperative to the recovery from Covid-19 and this is part of the C O’s remit. The CO works in partnership with other Departments, local government, Arms- length bodies, SAGE and other stakeholders, to ensure that a wide range of evidence and insights on these issues are considered and that these impacts are mitigated against effectively through policy design and implementation. On 29 June 2020, the Prime Minister announced an updated list of Cabinet Committees.20 Principal structures for the Government’s decision-making include the Covid-19 Strategy and Covid-19 Operations Committees, which meet as required to take operational and policy decisions. As noted elsewhere in this response, advice to these Cabinet Committees may need to be kept confidential to ensure advisors can express their views frankly. Individual Departments represented at these Cabinet Committees, together with JBC and PHE, draw upon their own analysis and stakeholder groups in order to assess the direct and indirect effects of Covid-19 on their areas of responsibility. In regard to tiering decisions and the allocation of local areas into different tiers, the CO Covid-19 Taskforce has supported collective decision making, ensuring Ministers have the best set of analyses possible, including analysis of potential social, economic and equalities impacts. More generally, as part of decision-making, a range of Covid-19 and non-Covid-19 health, economic, and social and wellbeing metrics have been utilised to inform the design of measures that take account of indirect impacts, including: • Levels, rate and location of Covid-19 infections • Healthcare metrics, such as hospital admissions • Outbreaks in care homes • Mental health impacts, including survey data on wellbeing, such as self- reported levels of frustration, boredom, and loneliness • Rates of crime • School attendance (including eligible vulnerable children) 20 List of Cabinet Committees - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk) • Mobility data • Distributional indicators • Self-reported survey data to help assess compliance • Excess deaths not attributed to Covid-19 (compared to previous averages) • Labour market indicators, including ONS labour market statistics and HMRC CJRS data • GDP and sectoral GVA • External estimates of economic impacts, such as OBR/IMF/BoE scenario estimates • Business survey data, including on business closures and financial performance • Consumer confidence and measures of consumer spending (such as financial transactions data).