Fifth report: Unequal impact? Coronavirus and the gendered economic impact
Select Committee
Women and Equalities Committee
HC 385
9 February 2021
Government response
First Special Report - Unequal impact? Coronavirus and the gendered economic impact: Government response to the Committee’s fifth report of Session 2019–21 · published 14 May 2021
Recommendations & Conclusions
37 results
1
Conclusion
Accepted
Para 16
The Government acted at considerable speed to design and implement schemes to protect jobs, and...
Conclusion
The Government acted at considerable speed to design and implement schemes to protect jobs, and the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS) and Self- Employment Income Support Scheme (SEISS) have provided a vital safety net to millions of people. However, the …
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Government Response Summary
The government partially accepts the importance of evidence on inequalities, stating that advice to Ministers already included analysis of protected characteristics as per legal requirements. However, it rejects publishing this information due to the need for confidential policy discussions.
Government Equalities Office
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2
Recommendation
Accepted in Part
Para 17
We recommend that schemes to support employees and the self-employed should be informed by an...
Recommendation
We recommend that schemes to support employees and the self-employed should be informed by an Equality Impact Assessment, drawing on evidence of existing inequalities. The Government must conduct and publish Equality Impact Assessments of the CJRS and the SEISS alongside …
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Government Response Summary
The government partially accepts the recommendation, agreeing that policies should be informed by evidence on inequalities and stating that advice to Ministers already includes such analysis in line with the Public Sector Equality Duty. However, it explicitly rejects the call to conduct and publish Equality Impact Assessments for CJRS and SEISS, citing the need for confidential policy advice.
Government Equalities Office
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3
Conclusion
Rejected
Para 22
We are concerned that the Government’s priorities for recovery are heavily gendered in nature.
Conclusion
We are concerned that the Government’s priorities for recovery are heavily gendered in nature. Investment plans that are skewed towards male-dominated sectors have the potential to create unequal outcomes for men and women, exacerbating existing inequalities.
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Government Response Summary
The government rejects the conclusion, stating that advice to Ministers already includes analysis of protected characteristics in line with the Public Sector Equality Duty. It asserts that it is not for the government to undertake economic growth assessments of independent organisation's proposals, and defends the confidentiality of policy advice.
Government Equalities Office
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4
Recommendation
Rejected
Para 23
The Treasury must provide Equality Impact Assessments for the Industrial Strategy and ‘New Deal’.
Recommendation
The Treasury must provide Equality Impact Assessments for the Industrial Strategy and ‘New Deal’. These should include a Gender Beneficiary Assessment of investments from the industrial strategy to date, including receipts of grants, gender occupational composition of companies operating infrastructure …
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Government Response Summary
The government rejected the recommendation, stating that advice to Ministers includes equality analysis in confidence, which is in line with legal requirements, and that it is not for the government to assess independent organisations' proposals.
Government Equalities Office
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5
Recommendation
Accepted
Para 24
Women are traditionally under-represented in sectors that have been singled out for Government investment, such...
Recommendation
Women are traditionally under-represented in sectors that have been singled out for Government investment, such as science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM) and construction. More must be done to tackle gender inequalities in representation and career progression in these male-dominated …
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Government Response Summary
The government states its approach ensures everyone benefits from growth areas like STEM, describing existing schemes like Kickstart, ongoing promotional work, and work coach efforts to increase female candidates. It also highlights existing skills support for women to retrain.
Government Equalities Office
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6
Recommendation
Rejected
Para 25
We recommend the Government fund training schemes specifically aimed at women in the Digital, AI,...
Recommendation
We recommend the Government fund training schemes specifically aimed at women in the Digital, AI, and the Green Economy through its Kickstart, New Training Fund and Restart programmes.
Government Response Summary
The Government rejected the recommendation, stating that Restart is an open-specification program for all participants, and Kickstart is a job creation scheme for young people, not suitable for specific targeting as a training scheme for women.
Government Equalities Office
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7
Recommendation
Deferred
We recommend the Government amend the Flexible Working Regulations 2014, to remove the 26-weeks’ service...
Recommendation
We recommend the Government amend the Flexible Working Regulations 2014, to remove the 26-weeks’ service threshold for employees to request flexible working arrangements. The pandemic has clearly demonstrated that it is unhelpful and unnecessary. (Paragraph 29) 40 Unequal impact? Coronavirus …
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Government Response Summary
The government is "considering" the recommendation, agreeing with the principle of increasing flexible working access, and committed to issuing a consultation on making flexible working the default "in due course," deferring specific action on the requested amendment.
Government Equalities Office
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8
Recommendation
Accepted in Part
The Government should publish the draft Employment Bill by the end of June 2021.
Recommendation
The Government should publish the draft Employment Bill by the end of June 2021. The draft Bill must take into account the recommendations made throughout this report. (Paragraph 31) Benefits and Social Security
Government Response Summary
The government partially accepted the recommendation, committing to bringing forward an Employment Bill when parliamentary time allows (deferring the deadline) and considering the report's recommendations as part of the reforms.
Government Equalities Office
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9
Conclusion
Accepted
Para 42
The design of Universal Credit creates risks for women’s financial independence, which can have severe...
Conclusion
The design of Universal Credit creates risks for women’s financial independence, which can have severe consequences for women in abusive relationships. These risks have been heightened over the pandemic as other opportunities for economic support have been limited. They now …
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Government Response Summary
The government describes existing tools and resources, such as the District Provision Tool, Complex Needs Toolkits, and Bite Size learning products, which are available to work coaches to identify claimant needs and provide support. It also notes that UC guidance is published annually.
Government Equalities Office
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10
Recommendation
Not Addressed
Para 43
The Department for Work and Pensions must urgently conduct or commission research to develop its...
Recommendation
The Department for Work and Pensions must urgently conduct or commission research to develop its understanding of the gendered impact of Universal Credit design, including the wait for the first payment; the single household payment structure; joint eligibility assessment; and …
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Government Response Summary
The government discusses "A Plan for Jobs" supporting unemployed people, including women, through schemes like Kickstart and Sector-based Work Academy Programmes, and cross-government collaboration to support UC claimants with barriers like childcare. However, it does not commit to conducting or commissioning research into the gendered impact of Universal Credit design elements as recommended.
Government Equalities Office
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11
Recommendation
Accepted in Part
Para 46
We recommend the Department for Work and Pensions commit to maintaining the increases in support...
Recommendation
We recommend the Department for Work and Pensions commit to maintaining the increases in support that have been provided during the pandemic until the end of the pandemic, including the £20 increase in standard allowance for Universal Credit.
Government Response Summary
The government accepted in part, committing to maintain the £20 per week increase to Universal Credit for a further six months, and providing a one-off £500 payment for Working Tax Credits claimants.
Government Equalities Office
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12
Recommendation
Rejected
Para 47
We find it implausible that it is operationally impossible to increase the rates of legacy...
Recommendation
We find it implausible that it is operationally impossible to increase the rates of legacy benefits by the equivalent amount of the increase in Universal Credit. We recommend the Government immediately increase legacy benefit rates by the equivalent amount.
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Government Response Summary
The government rejected the recommendation, stating the £20 UC uplift was for pandemic-related income falls which did not affect legacy benefit claimants, and they have no plans to extend it.
Government Equalities Office
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13
Recommendation
Rejected
Para 56
Appropriate and clear guidance to Jobcentre Plus work coaches is vital, given pre-pandemic research which...
Recommendation
Appropriate and clear guidance to Jobcentre Plus work coaches is vital, given pre-pandemic research which found that mothers subject to Universal Credit conditionality felt that their caring responsibilities were disregarded. We were unable to find specific guidance to work coaches …
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Government Response Summary
The Government rejected the recommendation, stating that specific emergency childcare easements and guidance are already available to DWP Work Coaches via their intranet and training, and the UC guidance library is publicly available through the House of Commons Library.
Government Equalities Office
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14
Recommendation
Accepted
Para 57
Job vacancies remain depressed and women with caring responsibilities require targeted job search support.
Recommendation
Job vacancies remain depressed and women with caring responsibilities require targeted job search support. Maintaining mothers’ attachment to the labour market and increasing the opportunities to retrain for jobs in viable sectors is critical. DWP must expand and tailor its …
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Government Response Summary
The Government accepts the recommendation, stating that DWP Work coaches are already helping mothers access support through expanded employment schemes like Kickstart and Sector-based Work Academy Programmes, and cross-government collaboration aims to support claimants into priority sectors.
Government Equalities Office
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15
Conclusion
Rejected
While changes to the availability for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) have benefited many, it has...
Conclusion
While changes to the availability for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) have benefited many, it has also thrown into sharp relief the demographics of those who are not eligible, and for whom the level of SSP provides an inadequate safety net. …
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Government Response Summary
The government rejected the conclusion, asserting that SSP is part of a wider welfare safety net and that a 2019 consultation on reforming SSP, including extending it to those below the lower earnings limit, received a good response and will have a response issued shortly.
Government Equalities Office
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16
Recommendation
Rejected
We urge the Government to conduct a study to examine the adequacy of, and eligibility...
Recommendation
We urge the Government to conduct a study to examine the adequacy of, and eligibility for, Statutory Sick Pay. Such a study should be published within three months, alongside an equality impact analysis. This should be done alongside our recommendation …
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Government Response Summary
The government rejected the recommendation, stating existing SSP eligibility and referring to a 2019 consultation on reforming SSP, including extending it to those below the lower earnings limit, with a response to be issued shortly, rather than committing to a new study.
Government Equalities Office
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17
Conclusion
Acknowledged
Para 77
Prior to the pandemic, young people faced a number of challenges including relatively high unemployment,...
Conclusion
Prior to the pandemic, young people faced a number of challenges including relatively high unemployment, an overrepresentation in forms of insecure work, and long-term issues of low pay and slow career progression. The Government’s flagship apprenticeship programme, intended to boost …
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Government Response Summary
The government acknowledges the issue of occupational segregation by gender in apprenticeships and states its commitment to improving parity. It highlights existing consideration of equality in apprenticeship design and notes an increase in female representation in STEM apprenticeships, while also describing new Skills Bootcamps, some specifically supporting women in male-dominated digital and technical fields.
Government Equalities Office
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18
Recommendation
Accepted
Para 78
We recommend that the Government mainstream equality into the design of apprenticeships and worked-based learning...
Recommendation
We recommend that the Government mainstream equality into the design of apprenticeships and worked-based learning and actively challenge occupational segregation by gender. It must publish a gender equality plan for its apprenticeship programme and an action plan to increase the …
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Government Response Summary
The government rejected the recommendation to publish a new gender equality plan, stating they already mainstream equality into apprenticeship design, actively challenge gender segregation, and have observed increasing female representation in STEM apprenticeships due to current practices.
Government Equalities Office
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19
Recommendation
Not Addressed
Para 79
We recommend that the Government establish quotas for women in its Kickstart scheme.
Recommendation
We recommend that the Government establish quotas for women in its Kickstart scheme.
Government Response Summary
The government's response discusses gender pay gap reporting regulations and extended deadlines, failing to address the recommendation regarding establishing quotas for women in the Kickstart scheme.
Government Equalities Office
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20
Recommendation
Not Addressed
We recommend that DWP introduce training for Jobcentre Plus work coaches on supporting applicants into...
Recommendation
We recommend that DWP introduce training for Jobcentre Plus work coaches on supporting applicants into gender ‘atypical’ jobs. (Paragraph 80) Pregnancy and Maternity Discrimination
Government Response Summary
The government's response discusses support for disabled people in employment, the voluntary reporting framework for disability, and the ethnicity pay reporting consultation, but does not address the recommendation for DWP to introduce training for Jobcentre Plus work coaches on supporting applicants into gender 'atypical' jobs.
Government Equalities Office
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21
Recommendation
Not Addressed
Para 92
We are gravely concerned by evidence detailing potentially unlawful and discriminatory practices towards pregnant women...
Recommendation
We are gravely concerned by evidence detailing potentially unlawful and discriminatory practices towards pregnant women and those on maternity leave during the pandemic. This should have been better anticipated by the government at the beginning of the pandemic and preventative …
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Government Response Summary
The government's response discusses support for disabled people in employment and the status of ethnicity pay reporting consultations, but it completely fails to address the recommendation regarding discrimination against pregnant women and new mothers.
Government Equalities Office
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22
Recommendation
Not Addressed
We urge the Government to introduce legislation in this Parliamentary session to extend redundancy protection...
Recommendation
We urge the Government to introduce legislation in this Parliamentary session to extend redundancy protection to pregnant women and new mothers. The Government must also publish a cross-departmental strategy, following consultation with stakeholders, for dealing with pregnancy and maternity discrimination. …
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Government Response Summary
The government's response details the collection and publication of redundancy data by the Insolvency Service and ONS, but it does not address the recommendation to introduce legislation for extending redundancy protection for pregnant women and new mothers, or to publish a cross-departmental strategy on maternity discrimination.
Government Equalities Office
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23
Conclusion
Accepted
Para 114
A reliable and affordable childcare system is a prerequisite of a gender equal economy and...
Conclusion
A reliable and affordable childcare system is a prerequisite of a gender equal economy and a gender equal recovery from the pandemic. Yet, the childcare sector could 42 Unequal impact? Coronavirus and the gendered economic impact hardly have been in …
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Government Response Summary
The government describes over £3.5 billion annually for early education entitlements, a £44 million investment for 2021-22, a pledged £1 billion fund for high-quality childcare, and a £220 million Holiday Activities and Food Programme. It also states it is continuing to work with the early years sector to ensure sufficient childcare.
Government Equalities Office
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24
Recommendation
Accepted in Part
Para 115
Given this backdrop, many childcare providers were vulnerable to the economic turmoil generated by the...
Recommendation
Given this backdrop, many childcare providers were vulnerable to the economic turmoil generated by the pandemic. The Government’s financial support for the sector has not been sufficiently generous nor has it been targeted to the specific needs of providers. Even …
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Government Response Summary
The government highlights over £3.5 billion annually for early education entitlements, a £44 million investment for 2021-22 for childcare providers, a pledged £1 billion fund, and a £220 million Holiday Activities and Food Programme. It states it is continuing to work with the early years sector to ensure sufficient safe and affordable childcare in the short and long term.
Government Equalities Office
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25
Recommendation
Rejected
We recommend the Government publish, by June 2021, an early years strategy which sets out...
Recommendation
We recommend the Government publish, by June 2021, an early years strategy which sets out how childcare provision can best support not only working parents, but also those who are job-seeking and re-training. The review must also consider the feasibility …
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Government Response Summary
The government rejects the recommendation to publish an early years strategy and extend free childcare eligibility for under-threes, stating that existing childcare support and entitlements are sufficient. It justifies the current age eligibility by citing data on mothers returning to work when children turn three and parental choice not to use childcare.
Government Equalities Office
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26
Conclusion
Not Addressed
Para 124
We are concerned that the Government Equalities Office (GEO) did not anticipate how inequalities were...
Conclusion
We are concerned that the Government Equalities Office (GEO) did not anticipate how inequalities were likely to be exacerbated by the pandemic and ensure that it influenced the policy response, including in relation to employment, welfare, childcare and pregnancy and …
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Government Response Summary
The government details the Equality Hub's goal to ensure evidence-based measures, considering various characteristics and data gaps through the Equality Data Programme and ONS Inclusive Data Taskforce. It also references gender pay gap reporting, but does not directly address the committee's specific concerns about the GEO's failure to anticipate and influence policy during the pandemic.
Government Equalities Office
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27
Conclusion
Not Addressed
Para 125
We were concerned to hear the Minister for Equalities repeatedly refer to considering the effects...
Conclusion
We were concerned to hear the Minister for Equalities repeatedly refer to considering the effects of policies “in the round” in response to questions about the gendered impact of the Government’s policies. We are deeply concerned that a GEO Minister …
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Government Response Summary
The government details the Equality Hub's goal to base fairness measures on evidence, considering various characteristics and data gaps through the Equality Data Programme and ONS Inclusive Data Taskforce. It also mentions supporting gender pay gap reporting, but does not directly address the committee's specific concern about a Minister appearing dismissive of the Public Sector Equality Duty.
Government Equalities Office
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28
Recommendation
Acknowledged
Para 126
We believe the GEO must take a more proactive role in mainstreaming gender equality in...
Recommendation
We believe the GEO must take a more proactive role in mainstreaming gender equality in policy development across all Government departments. We urge the GEO and the Minister for Women and Equalities to be much more ambitious in co- ordinating …
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Government Response Summary
The government acknowledged the importance of mainstreaming equality, outlining the Equality Hub's role in using data programs and ensuring departments set measurable equality objectives within their new Outcome Delivery Plans, but without committing to new, specific, and more ambitious actions or KPIs.
Government Equalities Office
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29
Conclusion
Accepted
Para 129
Robust equalities data is crucial to effective policy responses.
Conclusion
Robust equalities data is crucial to effective policy responses. We have been frustrated by the lack of data disaggregated by sex and other protected characteristics. The lack of intersectional data in large government data sets continues to frustrate meaningful analysis.
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Government Response Summary
The government states the Equality Hub's goal is to ensure evidence-based measures through an Equality Data Programme that will improve understanding of individuals across the UK, alongside the ONS Inclusive Data Taskforce to close data gaps. It also notes departments are asked to include specific equality objectives in their Outcome Delivery Plans.
Government Equalities Office
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30
Recommendation
Accepted in Part
Para 130
We recommend the Government require all departments to collect and publish data disaggregated by sex...
Recommendation
We recommend the Government require all departments to collect and publish data disaggregated by sex and protected characteristics in a way that facilitates reporting and analysis on how, for example, gender, ethnicity, disability, age and socio-economic status interact, and can …
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Government Response Summary
The Government outlined its Equality Data Programme and ONS Inclusive Data Taskforce to improve data collection and understanding. It also committed to requiring departments to publish specific and measurable equality objectives in their Outcome Delivery Plans.
Government Equalities Office
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31
Conclusion
Rejected
Para 135
We were disappointed that the Government chose to suspend, rather than delay, gender pay gap...
Conclusion
We were disappointed that the Government chose to suspend, rather than delay, gender pay gap reporting and enforcement for this year. Given the high number of women who have been furloughed or worked reduced hours due to caring responsibilities, and …
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Government Response Summary
The government rejects the committee's disappointment, explaining that the EHRC extended the gender pay gap reporting deadline for 2020/21 by six months due to the unprecedented impact of the pandemic on businesses, asserting this was the right and sensible decision.
Government Equalities Office
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32
Recommendation
Accepted in Part
Para 136
We recommend that gender pay gap reporting be urgently reinstated, with reporting for the financial...
Recommendation
We recommend that gender pay gap reporting be urgently reinstated, with reporting for the financial years 2019/20 and 2020/21 required in April 2021.
Government Response Summary
The government partially accepted, stating that gender pay gap reporting was never legally suspended but enforcement was. The EHRC extended the 2020/21 reporting deadline to October 2021, rather than the recommended April 2021.
Government Equalities Office
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33
Recommendation
Deferred
Para 137
We recommend the GEO and EHRC explore the feasibility of reporting on parental leave policies...
Recommendation
We recommend the GEO and EHRC explore the feasibility of reporting on parental leave policies in addition to gender gaps in furlough and redundancies for 2020/21 to supplement the information on pay and bonuses. We also urge the Government to …
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Government Response Summary
The government states it is 'considering' the matter and will publish its formal response in due course to a July 2019 consultation on proposals to require large employers to publish their parental leave and pay policies. The response does not address the recommendation to support The Equal Pay (Implementation and Claims) Bill.
Government Equalities Office
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34
Conclusion
Rejected
Para 141
There have been growing calls for ethnicity and disability pay gap reporting.
Conclusion
There have been growing calls for ethnicity and disability pay gap reporting. The unequal economic effects of the pandemic have demonstrated the imperative to introduce these measures.
Government Response Summary
The government rejected the imperative for disability pay reporting, citing existing support programs and a voluntary reporting framework. For ethnicity pay reporting, they are still analyzing consultation data on methodological complexities and will respond in due course.
Government Equalities Office
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35
Recommendation
Rejected
Para 142
The Government should publish proposals for introducing ethnicity and disability pay gap reporting within the...
Recommendation
The Government should publish proposals for introducing ethnicity and disability pay gap reporting within the next six months.
Government Response Summary
The government rejected publishing proposals for disability pay gap reporting, highlighting existing support programs and a voluntary framework. For ethnicity pay gap reporting, they stated they are still analyzing data from a methodology testing exercise and will respond to the consultation in due course, thus not committing to publishing proposals within six months.
Government Equalities Office
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36
Conclusion
Rejected
Para 145
Whilst we appreciate the greater ‘reach’ of the ONS data, the HR1 form would provide...
Conclusion
Whilst we appreciate the greater ‘reach’ of the ONS data, the HR1 form would provide valuable (and complementary) real time data, with which to analyse those most at risk of redundancy before policy decisions are implemented.
Government Response Summary
The Government rejected the conclusion, stating that HR1 forms are not an appropriate way to collect the recommended information due to data limitations, and highlighted existing ONS data on redundancies by sex, age, qualification, ethnicity, and disability.
Government Equalities Office
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37
Recommendation
Rejected
We recommend the Government amend the HR1 form to require information about the sex, race,...
Recommendation
We recommend the Government amend the HR1 form to require information about the sex, race, and if possible other protected characteristics of staff. (Paragraph 146) 44 Unequal impact? Coronavirus and the gendered economic impact
Government Response Summary
The government rejects the recommendation to amend the HR1 form to collect information on sex, race, and other protected characteristics, stating the form is not an appropriate way to collect this data due to its limitations. It instead points to existing ONS data on redundancies by various characteristics.
Government Equalities Office
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