1. We agree with the Committee’s findings that structured and consistent coordination across government is key to countering TNR, and it has been a priority to ensure our approach is joined up across departments, with formalised mechanisms for collaboration. The UK’s strategic approach to TNR has been shaped by the comprehensive review undertaken by the Defending Democracy Taskforce. The Defending Democracy Taskforce coordinates and drives forward a whole-of-government response to the full range of threats to our democracy. It comprises Ministers and senior officials from multiple government departments, alongside representatives from law enforcement, the Parliamentary authorities, and the UK Intelligence Community. 2. Collaboration across Government, law enforcement and agencies is essential in countering TNR. The TNR Review - in bringing together a wide range of government departments and agencies to ensure full coherence in our response - is a good example of the depth of this collaboration. This review brought together officials from lead government departments, law enforcement, the intelligence and security services, and civil society partners to build a shared understanding of the threat and evaluate the UK’s existing response. 3. As announced in the Security Minister’s Written Ministerial Statement on 14 May, a dedicated team has now been established within the Home Office to act as the central point of coordination for TNR across government. This team will oversee the UK’s overarching strategy on TNR, working with departments, operational partners, and civil society to ensure that our response remains proportionate, protective and evidence led. 4. The Home Office TNR team will work closely with the newly established State Threats Joint Unit, which has been created to deliver on the Government’s manifesto commitment to better counter hostile activity by state actors. That unit will play three key roles: first, it will drive delivery across government to counter state threats, building on the successful model of the counter- terrorism system to deliver strategic outcomes. Second, it will embed a ‘whole of society’ approach, enabling Government to have more effective public conversations about state threats, forging partnerships with industry, academia and like-minded states. Third, it will establish a UK Centre of Excellence on state and hybrid threats, bringing together expertise within government and collaborating with external experts to set the research and policy agenda. 5. We recognise the importance of the specific roles and responsibilities of each department in responding to TNR. As the department primarily responsible for maintaining law and order, protecting national security, overseeing immigration policy and ensuring the safety of communities in the UK, the Home Office owns the UK’s response to TNR. While the Home Office leads on domestic security and related levers, the FCDO plays a critical role in diplomatic engagement (including through work in multilateral fora such as the G7 RRM) and promoting human rights, and the policing and intelligence services contribute vital operational and investigative capabilities. These functions are coordinated through both formal and informal governance mechanisms, which enable a coherent and agile response to emerging threats.