There is a lack of urgency and clear leadership for resolving the legacy systems and poor data issues that inhibit the realisation of benefits through greater productivity and efficiency that departments will reap from new technology such as AI. Government transformation and efficiency efforts increasingly rely on artificial intelligence (AI), but legacy systems remain a major barrier, limiting access to the data needed for effective implementation. Despite this, departments are already experimenting with AI. Resource constraints at the centre of government mean less support is available compared to previous initiatives like the Top 75 programme. Although the digital pay framework has been revalorised, it still falls short of industry rates in London and the South East, affecting recruitment and retention. Addressing data and legacy issues requires sustained effort and resilience. AI offers potential to connect disparate data sources, but progress must be focused and purposeful–trying to solve everything at once risks losing momentum. Prioritisation and clear milestones are key to avoiding drift and ensuring that artificial intelligence delivers meaningful value. recommendation As part of its response to this report, DSIT should set out how it will take the lead on systemic data and systems improvement across government in order to exploit new technologies such as AI. At the same time, the department should set out what further steps it will take to ensure it can both secure and retain board level CDIOs and senior specialists of the right calibre given it cannot match industry pay rates in all areas of the country. 6 1 Accountability, support and guidance Introduction