There are examples of innovation happening across government but more needs to be done to harness the ideas of the 290,000 members of the ODP for improving service delivery. There are 23 examples of innovation in the NAO’s report, which show it is possible for teams working across government to continuously improve and be innovative–even in adverse circumstances where operational delivery is highly challenging. The transformative changes needed by government will require both large scale projects and day-to-day incremental improvements involving front- line staff. This requires a working environment that encourages openness, innovation, and challenge of current thinking, with senior leaders who 3 see failure as an opportunity to learn rather than an exercise in sharing out blame. It is important to build ways of working that allow ideas to flow and give people time outside of their day job–for example, HM Passport Office says that its Quality Framework project has involved training around 1,000 people to identify issues and raise them. But considering there are 290,000 members of the ODP, the innovative potential is enormous. recommendation The ODP should require all its Departmental Heads of Profession to set out how they will ensure that their staff have the time, skills, tools and support to raise ideas, learn from each other, and get involved with improving services.