Steffan Kuenzel

PFD Report All Responded Ref: 2019-0002
Date of Report 29 April 2019
Coroner Sarah Bourke
Response Deadline est. 9 August 2019
All 1 response received · Deadline: 9 Aug 2019
Coroner's Concerns (AI summary)
The patient received insufficient specific guidance on safe alcohol reduction methods and was unaware of critical alcohol withdrawal symptoms beyond seizures requiring urgent medical attention.
View full coroner's concerns
During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to  concern. In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless  action is taken. 1) The decline in Mr Kuenzel’s health appears to coincide with the  reduction from 750 ml vodka per day to 375 ml. Mr Kuenzel had  attended hospital with alcohol withdrawal related seizures on a number  of occasions. He was advised to gradually reduce his drinking but not  given any specific advice as to how this should be done. Whilst alcohol  reduction is most safely undertaken with the support of specialist  agencies, there will be some people who present at hospital with serious  alcohol withdrawal related problems that will not engage with services.  Those individuals may develop withdrawal related problems through  deciding to reduce their alcohol consumption independently.      

2) The deterioration in Mr Kuenzel’s health from late October 2018 may be  attributable to alcohol withdrawal. Mr Kuenzel and his partner knew  that he needed to seek medical attention if he had a seizure but did not  know of any other signs or symptoms of alcohol withdrawal which would  require urgent medical treatment.
Responses
Barts Health NHS Trust NHS / Health Body
Noted
Barts Health NHS Trust acknowledges the seriousness of alcohol addiction and states that their public health consultant is working on improved health care packages for alcoholic patients, following successful packages for smokers. (AI summary)
View full response
Dear Sarah

Thank you for taking my call on Thursday and our discussion regarding the death of Steffen Kunzel. Looking through our electronic notes he had an admission relating to his alcoholism in August 2017. This lead to various investigations and treatments but importantly a referral to Reset to support his attempts to reduce his alcohol intake. I enclose a snapshot of his discharge summary from this. He was also seen in ED later in September of that year, it was noted that he had been referred to the alcoholic community support- I enclose again an image of his electronic discharge. He then didn’t present to us for another 12 months, which was a single attendance in ED, with alcohol intoxication. Again he was treated, stayed a few hours and felt well enough to leave. He wasn’t seen again until his final collapse later that year. Discussing with our ED department they thought it likely that it was noted from his past CRS record that he was under an alcohol reduction scheme in the community but it’s not documented if this was discussed with him. As he was intoxicated it may have been difficult to obtain a good history. We both agree that alcohol addiction is a serious public health issue ; we have many attendances each week with alcohol related conditions . Discussing with our alcohol team they have too little resource to provide support for every attendance and concentrate on those admitted to the hospital. Our public health consultant, Ian Basnett is currently working on improved health care packages for our alcoholic patients-this follows successful packages for our smokers Mr Kunzel only had one attendance to ED in 12 months which would not have triggered a further referral .As above our public health team is looking at ways of offering more information to these patients but they are a difficult group with a very varied pattern of attendance and compliance On balance we could offer contact details of various agencies; how useful this would be at the time of presentation I am unsure. From the little of his GPs electronic notes I can see there is very little covering his addiction. Royal London Hospital Room 124, 1st floor John Harrison House London E1 2DR

PA Direct Line: 020 3594 6979

I will do a formal response to the PFD if necessary but this covers the enclosed hospital documentation following our conversation
Sent To
  • Barts Health NHS Trust
Response Status
Linked responses 1 of 1
56-Day Deadline 9 Aug 2019
All responses received
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Source: Courts and Tribunals Judiciary

Report Sections
Investigation and Inquest
On 14 November 2018, Senior Coroner Mary Hassell commenced an  investigation into the death of Steffan Kuenzel aged 45 years. The investigation  concluded at the end of the inquest which was conducted by me on 28 February  2019.   

The conclusion of the inquest was that Mr Kuenzel’s death was alcohol related.   

The medical cause of death was:  1a hypertensive heart disease and alcoholic fatty liver disease 

My short form conclusion was that “Mr Kuenzel had a cardiac arrest following a  10 day period of alcohol withdrawal. He died at the Royal London Hospital on 11  November 2018”.
Circumstances of the Death
Mr Kuenzel had longstanding problems with alcohol. Initially he was a binge  drinker but his pattern of drinking had become more regular following episodes  of alcohol related seizures. He had had a number of detoxes in the past but had  relapsed on each occasion. He had contacted the RESET service but had  problems in engaging due to the service’s requirement that he take steps to  address his drinking in the community before funding could be authorised for a  further detox. His last contact with RESET was in December 2017. He was  admitted to the Royal London Hospital in May and August 2017 with alcohol  related withdrawal seizures. His last hospital admission was in September 2018.  On each occasion, he was advised to reduce his alcohol consumption gradually  in order to avoid seizures and problems with alcohol withdrawal. He was not  given any guidance as to how he should reduce his alcohol consumption.  His  partner’s evidence was that he was drinking 1 litre of vodka per day in August  2018. He reduced this to 750 ml per day for a month. At the end of October  2018, he reduced from 750 ml per day to 375 ml per day. Around this time, he  became very weak and unwell with dizziness, vomiting and diarrhoea. He last  had an alcoholic drink on 1 November 2018 as he felt too unwell to drink. His  symptoms continued for over a week. On 10 November, he was a little better  and was able to eat. In the early hours of 11 November, he woke his partner  complaining of feeling unwell. He then lost consciousness and started snoring.  His partner called for an ambulance. During the course of the call, Mr Kuenzel  stopped breathing. Paramedics attended but were unable to resuscitate Mr  Kuenzel. He was taken to A&E at the Royal London Hospital where his death  was confirmed shortly after 2 am.  

A post‐mortem examination was undertaken by  . Toxicology  analysis had found that there were no traces of alcohol in Mr Kuenzel’s system.   noted “The most significant findings on autopsy examination were in  the heart and lungs. The heart was mildly enlarged, with left ventricular  hypertrophy, consistent with hypertensive heart disease. In addition, both lungs  were severely congested and microscopic examination demonstrated severe  pulmonary oedema, with pigment‐laden macrophages, consistent with changes  secondary to cardiac failure. There was severe steatosis of the liver, consistent  with alcoholic fatty liver disease … Severe steatosis of the liver can cause  electrolyte imbalance which, in turn, predisposes patients to cardiac  arrhythmias… The exact contribution of alcohol withdrawal cannot be  confirmed, although sudden alcohol withdrawal is reported to contribute to the  likelihood of arrhythmias, due to electrolyte disturbance”.
Copies Sent To
I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response Sarah Bourke   Assistant Coroner  29 April 2019
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Data sourced from Courts and Tribunals Judiciary under the Open Government Licence.