State Custody related deaths
PFD Category
Reports: 357
Areas: 57
Earliest: Aug 2013
Latest: 8 Apr 2026
74% response rate (above 63% average). 58% of classified responses show concrete action taken. Reports rose 40% from 25 (2023) to 35 (2024).
PFD Reports
161 resultsNathan Shepherd
All Responded
2025-0038
22 Jan 2025
Manchester South
Ministry of Justice
Concerns summary (AI summary)
The Probation Service lacked policy and training for barricading incidents, approved premises had easily movable furniture and ligature points, agency staff CPR training was unchecked, and critical information sharing between prison and probation was ineffective.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
HMPPS has finalised Barricade Guidance, which will be issued to all approved premises staff on 1st August 2025, with staff required to acknowledge receipt by the end of September 2025. A new digital referral process is in place to pull information from prison and probation systems, and Oasys is used by Probation Practitioners to assess risk.
Paul Gobell
All Responded
2025-0047
3 Dec 2024
Nottingham City and Nottinghamshire
HM Inspectorate of Prisons
Ministry of Justice
Concerns summary (AI summary)
There is no policy for welfare checks when initial interviews are missed, and changes in cell sharing risk are not promptly communicated to prisoners. Furthermore, probation staff failed to report critical disclosures, resulting in an uninformed suitability assessment.
Noted
(AI summary)
HM Inspectorate of Prisons acknowledges the concerns raised and states that the issues are covered in their inspection criteria. They will keep the findings on file for future inspections of HMP Whatton and HMP Hollesley Bay. HMP Whatton will update their Induction policy to include a "late arrivals form" for prisoners when a normal induction cannot be facilitated, and has amended their local safety strategy to ensure prisoners are informed in writing when their CSRA levels change. HMP Hollesley Bay will seek POM attendance at local stability meetings where OCSAs are being discussed wherever possible.
Jonathon Lawlor
All Responded
2024-0667
25 Nov 2024
Mid Kent and Medway
HM Prison and Probation Service
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Due to severe staff shortages, keywork sessions for prisoners were drastically reduced, potentially increasing risks for those in custody, despite guidance recommending weekly meetings.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
HMP Elmley has been compiling a Key Work Delivery Strategy to address and improve the issue of key work, with the goal of ensuring that all prisoners are allocated a key worker and that specific cohorts of prisoners at risk of harm or self-harm are identified and supported by trained staff members. For 2025/6 the minimum expectation for key work delivery will rise to two key work sessions every four weeks as a minimum.
Wayne Bayley
All Responded
2024-0605
31 Oct 2024
Inner North London
Ministry of Justice
NHS England
Concerns summary (AI summary)
National replication of healthcare improvements, especially understanding sickle cell crisis risks and prisoner care, has not occurred across all UK prisons, posing a risk that lessons learned are not widely applied.
Noted
(AI summary)
NHS England is undertaking training and upskilling of healthcare and prison staff in the London region. They are also reviewing service specifications and will use learning from the case to strengthen requirements around assessment and management of long-term conditions. HMPPS acknowledges the concerns and refers to ongoing work led by NHS England to improve awareness of sickle cell disease and other long-term conditions, stating their commitment to working collaboratively with healthcare providers.
Frank Ospina
All Responded
2025-0338
25 Oct 2024
West London
Home Office
Mitie
NHS England
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Mismatched healthcare and Home Office interpretations of Rule 35 led to a failure in reporting suicidal intentions, and an inappropriate "closed" visit denied a detainee physical contact and private conversation with family.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
NHS England plans to revise Detention Services Order 09/2016, Rule 35 assessments towards a multidisciplinary approach to safeguarding and vulnerability management in Immigration Removal Centres, and will jointly develop a stakeholder engagement session with the Home Office to share the revised requirements with IRC providers and operators. The Home Office is developing an interim update to its Rule 35 guidance, strengthening monitoring in detention, and implementing a 'Prevention of future deaths in immigration detention strategy'. Progress will be reported through the MBDC governance structures. Mitie Care and Custody has implemented a revised Standard Operating Procedure to prevent "closed visits" and has introduced a website translation and accessibility service called 'Recite' across its immigration removal centres.
George Kyriacos Petrou
All Responded
2024-0592
25 Oct 2024
Inner North London
Barnet, Enfield and Haringey Mental Hea…
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Some prison mental health staff improperly prioritized a prisoner's refusal of suicide watch over policy guidance, creating a risk that vulnerable individuals with suicidal intentions may not receive necessary observation.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
The Trust will continue to assure training standards around ACCT are sustained, will continue to participate in ACCT reviews in accordance with its operational policy, and will implement a learning event for the Unscheduled Care Team workers and clinicians. The learning event will focus on the message, ‘if in doubt, implement an ACCT’.
Mark Beresford
All Responded
2024-0577
25 Oct 2024
Nottingham City and Nottinghamshire
HMP Ranby
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Unreasonable prison risk assessments led to a premature ACCT closure and incorrect observation levels without required consultation. A senior officer provided incorrect and misleading evidence, raising concerns about policy adherence and accountability.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
HMP Ranby provides regular training and guidance to staff on the ACCT process, and guidance has been issued to staff to improve understanding of ACCT. A three-stage quality assurance process is in place to identify areas where individual or wider upskilling is required.
Oliver Davies
All Responded
2024-0541
11 Oct 2024
Worcestershire
Midlands Partnership NHS Foundation Tru…
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Critical mental health referrals, including urgent self-harm concerns, were not recorded or considered by assessing clinicians. The care coordinator then improperly prioritized Oliver's case, failing to ensure timely support before going on leave.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
The Trust has implemented several changes, including disseminating SIM meeting outcomes to care coordinators, documenting patient concerns on SystmOne, emphasizing risk mitigation in clinical supervision, and embedding a process for continuity of care during staff absences. A standing agenda item was added to daily meetings to address patient care during staff absence, with documented handover of responsibilities.
John Eyre
All Responded
2024-0534
7 Oct 2024
Mid Kent and Medway
Department of Health and Social Care
Concerns summary (AI summary)
There's no clear escalation route for prison healthcare staff to challenge inappropriate prisoner discharges from acute care, nor national guidance for returning prisoners when healthcare concerns are unaddressed by consultants.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
Medway Maritime Hospital is working with system partners to co-create a written document setting out the process for effective and safe discharges of prisoners and has implemented twice-daily board rounds to discuss patient status. NHS England will share learnings with regional leads.
Brandon Johnson
All Responded
2024-0523
1 Oct 2024
Inner West London
HMP Wandsworth
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Inadequate and unreliable procedures for checking prisoners' signs of life, with staff lacking sufficient time and clear training to perform robust, positive-response checks in cells.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
HMP Wandsworth issued a notice in March 2021 to remind staff to have clear sight of prisoners and obtain signs of life during roll checks and have published further communications since. In 2024, they introduced a quality assurance process for roll checks and the Standards Coaching Team provided support to staff over the summer.
Kevin McDonnell
All Responded
2024-0433
7 Aug 2024
Nottingham City and Nottinghamshire
HM Prison and Probation Service
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Prison staff failed to conduct meaningful ACCT observations and share critical risk information for at-risk prisoners. Furthermore, there was a failure to secure and retain accurate documentary evidence following a death in custody.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
HMP Nottingham has increased SASH/ACCT awareness training for staff and introduced a 'trigger' database for sharing pertinent risk information. ACCT books are no longer removed from the wing during quality checks to ensure contemporaneous entries.
Benjamin Harrison
All Responded
2024-0394
19 Jul 2024
Mid Kent & Medway
HMP Rochester
Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Lack of night-time healthcare in prison means untrained officers manage intoxicated prisoners without clear guidance, compounded by inconsistent information sharing policies between healthcare and prison staff regarding medication and risk.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
Oxleas will ensure the healthcare team is aware of relevant policies and that these are shared and discussed, and has updated on-call GP guidance. A review of policies has been completed and shared. HMPPS has issued an order to staff regarding escalating concerns about prisoners under the influence of illicit substances. They are also embedding a process for sharing information about at-risk prisoners with medication in their possession, and are consulting on new guidance around prisoners under the influence.
Yasmin Adams
All Responded
2024-0330
20 Jun 2024
Derby and Derbyshire
Ministry of Justice
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Prison ACCT observations allowed overly long gaps, and fixed shower rails presented ligature risks. Staff lacked training on personality disorder/learning disability, and vulnerable prisoners were held in unsuitable cells.
Noted
(AI summary)
HMPPS acknowledges concerns about ACCT observations, shower rails, personality disorder training, and cellular confinement, explaining existing policies and planned improvements without committing to specific new actions.
Paul Day
All Responded
2024-0274
10 May 2024
Derby and Derbyshire
Ministry of Justice
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Prison CPR guidance, particularly the inclusion of rigor mortis as an exclusion, is inappropriate for untrained staff in non-24-hour healthcare facilities, risking missed opportunities for life-saving resuscitation.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
HM Prison and Probation Service acknowledges concerns about CPR guidance and will review and revise the guidance regarding rigor mortis as a sign of death, following advice from the Resuscitation Council UK.
Mohammed Azizi
All Responded
2024-0235
1 May 2024
Norfolk
HMP Norwich
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Prison documentation was unreliable, with evidence of forged signatures, retrospective entry of notes, and incomplete disclosure of crucial documents, hindering external investigations.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
The organisation will provide advice and guidance to the staff member involved in the incident, ensure all future support and advice for staff during an inquest will be provided by the SPOC and regional safety specialist, support management grades to identify data losses, and write to all sites in the region to remind them of their responsibilities in supplying documentation without delay.
Marlin Burrows
All Responded
2024-0230
30 Apr 2024
Liverpool and Wirral
HMP Garth
Concerns summary (AI summary)
The prison's welfare sheet was inadequate for monitoring prisoner health, lacking clarity and guidance. Entries were not shared with medical staff, and there was no joint prison/healthcare oversight.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
Healthcare staff at HMP Garth have been instructed to review and sign the welfare checklist document upon arrival at the wing to inform clinical decision making, with monthly assurance checks to be completed by the Primary Care Manager. A Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) will be co-produced with prison staff following the publication of national guidance from HMPPS. HMPPS is developing national guidance for managing prisoners under the influence of illicit substances, which is currently in the consultation stage. Once agreed, the guidance will be rolled out via regional and local drug strategy leads, who will also develop local guidance and conduct assurance checks.
Alan Davies
All Responded
2024-0160
21 Mar 2024
South Wales Central
Cardiff and Vale University Health Board
HMP Cardiff
Ministry for Justice
+1 more
Concerns summary (AI summary)
There was limited communication between Caswell Clinic and HMP Cardiff regarding the patient's condition; discharge information was not provided in a clear format, and the patient was transferred without being accompanied by a member of Caswell Clinic staff.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
The Department of Health and Social Care outlines national measures to improve urgent and emergency care, including funding increases for ambulance trusts, hospital beds, and discharge support. It also notes improved Category 2 ambulance response times nationally and in the NWAS region, and decreased patient handover times. Swansea Bay University Health Board has developed a Standard Operating Procedure for transferring individuals with mental/physical health needs into their care. They have also improved the service level agreement with a local GP practice, recruited additional GPs and implemented changes to the night shift pattern to alleviate staff workload. HMPPS has received assurance from the Governing Governor at HMP Cardiff that all staff are aware of emergency medical codes via the radio system. The Governor is also committed to encouraging staff to raise concerns about an individual's management and will discuss with the Head of Healthcare how healthcare staff can be empowered to do so.
Matthew Price
All Responded
2024-0102
22 Feb 2024
West Yorkshire (Eastern)
Ministry of Justice
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Concerns are raised about the welfare of individuals subject to IPP sentences, highlighting anxiety over recall and the belief that seeking mental health support could hinder their discharge process.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
HMPPS provides Introductory Suicide Prevention Training for probation staff and has developed a 7-minute briefing on suicide prevention. They are also working closely with other government departments to ensure prison leavers can access healthcare and support, and are drawing together a holistic staff IPP guide.
Abdullah Popalzai
All Responded
2024-0066
5 Feb 2024
Inner North London
NHS England
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Acutely psychotic prisoners requiring transfer for treatment are left untreated and at risk due to a shortage of timely psychiatric hospital bed availability.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
NHS England is working to address issues with timely access to mental health beds for prisoners, focusing on increasing access to hospital beds pre-sentence, and is working to support local mental health systems to reduce pressure on inpatient services. All reports received are discussed by the Regulation 28 Working Group, comprising Regional Medical Directors, and other clinical and quality colleagues from across the regions.
Kane Boyce
All Responded
2024-0034
17 Jan 2024
Nottingham and Nottinghamshire
HM Prison and Probation Service
Sodexo
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Prison staff deliberately ignored cell bells, lacked policy for isolating cell power, failed to follow "under the influence" protocols, and misunderstood key date suicide risk, highlighting systemic safety failures.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
Sodexo states that the MOJ have confirmed that all managers, including the Senior Leadership Team, are to undergo the national ACCT training as a matter of urgency, this will include ACCT Assessor training and case manager training. When the operational management of the prison returns to Sodexo all staff will undergo ACCT refresher training, if not done before. HMPPS issued guidance and a standard template for Early Learning Reviews (ELRs) in 2021, held a workshop with Group Safety Leads (GSLs) in July 2022, and another in April 2024 to offer additional upskilling. They will mandate the early learning review process in PSI 64/2011 and issue a revised standard template and refreshed guidance document.
Trevor Monerville
All Responded
2024-0025
16 Jan 2024
East Sussex
HM Prison and Probation Service
Practice Plus Group
Concerns summary (AI summary)
The prison failed to adequately monitor and manage a patient's epilepsy with no seizure care plan or effective communication between healthcare and prison staff, compounded by a lack of staff training.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
Practice Plus Group details changes including medicines management policies reviewed and updated, a new audit tool for medication administration, new roles for nurses to oversee patients on wings, and a process in place if patient might be stockpiling medication. HMPPS has provided training to staff regarding the ACCT process, established a Safety Intervention Meeting (SIM) and a Multi-Disciplinary Complex Case Clinic (MPCCC) for complex cases. They encourage prison and healthcare staff to report intelligence through the Mercury intelligence system and undertake First Aid needs assessments and training.
Stephen Coster
All Responded
2024-0146
4 Jan 2024
East Sussex
HM Prison and Probation Service
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Inadequate prison healthcare assessment, observation, and care planning, coupled with poor communication and prison staff's lack of understanding of emergency transfer protocols, led to significant delays.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
HMP Lewes reviewed record-keeping practices, clarified responsibilities for welfare checks and clinical observations, regularly briefs staff on emergency codes, and reviewed hospital escort procedures. Custodial managers now oversee Code Blue/Red incidents, and the policy on emergency escorts is being actively reviewed.
Wyndham Thomas
All Responded
2023-0547
21 Dec 2023
Nottingham City and Nottinghamshire
HM Prison and Probation Services
Concerns summary (AI summary)
The absence of in-cell ligature point risk assessments, ligature point maps, and mandatory "Safer Cells" in prisons creates critical missed opportunities to prevent self-harm by ligation.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
HMPPS has implemented a revised ACCT case management approach across the prison estate to improve support for prisoners at risk of self-harm or suicide. They are also developing a safety training package for staff which will improve understanding of suicide and self-harm prevention.
Samuel Jones
All Responded
2023-0499
5 Dec 2023
Dorset
HM Prison and Probation Service
NHS England
Ministry of Justice
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Prison and healthcare record systems failed to flag critical "trigger dates" for vulnerable prisoners. Staffing shortages prevented thorough record review, and system limitations meant crucial information was frequently overlooked.
Noted
(AI summary)
HMPPS will revisit recording key dates as it continues to develop the Digital Prison Services (DPS), and it anticipates the ability to search for key words will be available by 2025. It will also issue a Senior Leaders Bulletin on the importance of recognising key dates and encouraging the use of local databases. NHS England describes the Health and Justice Information Service (HJIS) and options for flagging key dates, and refers to NICE guidance on managing medicines. It states that responsibility for cell searches lies with HMPPS. The Ministry of Justice acknowledges the concerns raised and states that HM Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) will respond to the operational issues; the Minister endorses the HMPPS response.
John Singleton
All Responded
2024-0126
16 Nov 2023
Cheshire
NHS England
Concerns summary (AI summary)
The electronic patient system (SystmOne) lacks an automated flag for prisoners who are not medication compliant, leading to delayed identification and referral. The manual workaround is inefficient and poses significant risks.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
NHS England will explore the functionality of the Health and Justice Information Service (HJIS) to flag medication non-compliance and work to facilitate roll out across the estate. In the interim, regional teams will be reminded of the requirement to monitor uncollected medicines.