State Custody related deaths
PFD Category
Reports: 357
Areas: 57
Earliest: Aug 2013
Latest: 8 Apr 2026
74% response rate (above 63% average). 58% of classified responses show concrete action taken. Reports rose 40% from 25 (2023) to 35 (2024).
PFD Reports
357 resultsCorin Bonaparte
All Responded
2021-0143
7 May 2021
Exeter and Greater Devon
HMP Dartmoor
Concerns summary (AI summary)
An ACCT was not opened despite the patient seeking help from the mental health department at HMP Dartmoor and revealing recent self-harm, suggesting inadequate training; the ambulance was kept waiting 8 minutes at the main gate, suggesting inadequate arrangements for swift ambulance departure in emergencies.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
HMPPS has briefed staff and issued a Governor's order reinforcing the Local Security Strategy requirements for ambulance escorts. They also plan to work with the ambulance service on a contingency plan exercise and improve monitoring of ambulance departure times.
Richard Ormond
All Responded
2021-0139
5 May 2021
Worcestershire
HMP Long Lartin
Concerns summary (AI summary)
A 9-minute delay in upgrading an ambulance response occurred because prison staff initially failed to provide critical information about the patient's condition to emergency services, highlighting a gap in following emergency protocols.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
Practice Plus Group has implemented measures to improve ambulance response times, including updating training materials to emphasize upgrading calls to category one when CPR is in progress. They have also initiated discussions with ambulance trusts to improve communication and response arrangements across their sites. HMP Long Lartin updated local policies and issued Governor's notices regarding emergency incident reporting to the Emergency Control Room (ECR) and ambulance services. They created a checklist for ECR staff and amended the Prison Service Instruction to clarify information requirements for emergency calls.
Alvin Black
Historic (No Identified Response)
2021-0130
30 Apr 2021
Cambridgeshire and Peterborough
Minister of State for Prisons and Proba…
Concerns summary (AI summary)
The report identifies concerns about the poor state of cleanliness at the prison's Health Care Centre, potentially increasing the risk of infection for prisoners; it also notes a missed opportunity to consider anti-coagulation therapy, with the system not picking up on this error.
Darren Adams
All Responded
2021-0125
29 Apr 2021
South Yorkshire (East)
Practice Plus Group and Resuscitation C…
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Nursing staff misdiagnosed post-mortem conditions due to inadequate training in identification, and resuscitation guidance documents contained confusing definitions, risking proper emergency response.
Noted
(AI summary)
Practice Plus Group has mandated training on the identification of hypostasis and rigor mortis, using scenario-based simulations, and will raise concerns about confusing terminology in existing guidance with NHS England. Resuscitation Council UK acknowledges the concerns but states that detailed training in the recognition of rigor mortis and hypostasis is outside the scope of RCUK training courses, though they encourage starting CPR unless irreversible death is certain. They have shared the response with relevant bodies.
Guy Paget
All Responded
2021-0118
23 Apr 2021
West Yorkshire (East)
HMP Leeds
Concerns summary (AI summary)
The prison lacked an efficient, tested system for emergency ambulance exit, leading to delays in transferring a seriously ill prisoner to hospital.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
The Local Security Strategy (LSS) at HMP Leeds has been revised to clearly outline the system that allows staff to utilise a manual override to facilitate emergency vehicle entry or exit in the event of any mechanical failure.
Michael Dent-Jones
All Responded
2021-0041
12 Feb 2021
Surrey
HMPS
Concerns summary (AI summary)
National Probation Service Approved Premises staff and management were unaware of and not implementing policies for managing residents' prescribed medication. Procedures were absent, and staff had not read essential safety documents, indicating broader safety failures.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
The national Safe Working Practice document for Approved Premises is being re-issued on April 30th 2021 and all staff must read the updated SWP and sign a register to confirm this and that they understand the processes. The National Approved Premises Team will also review the EQuiP usage data for approved premises staff to identify any areas where EQuiP usage falls below average and will undertake an awareness raising exercise to reinforce the importance of EQuiP.
Michael Dobson
All Responded
2021-0035
11 Feb 2021
Staffordshire South
HMP Dovegate
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Limited staff availability post-prison lockdown means essential maintenance, like electricity supply issues, is delayed until the next day. This creates a potential for prisoners to self-harm.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
HMP Dovegate has ensured there is an on-call facilities maintenance officer available to remedy electricity faults in cells during out-of-hours periods. Duty Managers have been reminded of their responsibility to contact the on-call officer and that electricity should not be left inactive for any period of time.
Jason O’Rourke
All Responded
2021-0032
10 Feb 2021
Inner South London
HMP Belmarsh and HMPS
Concerns summary (AI summary)
HMP Belmarsh's immediate needs form inadequately assesses self-harm risk for new prisoners without existing care plans. The nightly roll check system lacks robust auditing, risking missed checks and compromising prisoner safety.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
HMP Belmarsh has updated its 'immediate needs' form for new prisoners to provide clearer guidance to staff on actions to take regarding suicide/self-harm risks, including communication with healthcare and documentation. The LTHSE safety team will also be visiting to identify further opportunities for improvement.
Lee Davies
All Responded
2020-0261
9 Oct 2020
Shropshire, Telford & Wrekin
Midlands Partnership NHS Foundation Tru…
Concerns summary (AI summary)
The Laurel Ward's scalable perimeter fence and dense, unsearched shrubbery facilitated repeated absconding and concealment of dangerous items, compounded by a lack of observation and CCTV in the garden.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
MPFT is reviewing the fence structure around the garden on Laurel Ward, with options including a full replacement fence or retrofitting an anti-climb dome; the Trust is also discussing ways to complete searches of the garden at set frequencies, such as bi-monthly, and these will be addressed through the Trust’s Health and Safety Committee for action and monitoring.
Wesley Rowlands
All Responded
2020-0195
5 Oct 2020
Lancashire and Blackburn with Darwen
HMP Garth
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Redundant television brackets in prison cells, including the deceased's, remain as obvious ligature points, posing a significant ongoing risk.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
HMP Garth has arranged for the Prison Maintenance Group to review all cells and remove unused television brackets, with completion expected by February 2021. They are also reviewing accommodation in other prisons and alerting Prison Group Directors and Governors to the concerns.
Brett Marrs
Historic (No Identified Response)
2020-0179
23 Sep 2020
Lancashire and Blackburn with Darwen
HMP Wymott
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Prison officers lacked essential first-aid and resuscitation training, and welfare checks during cell unlocks were routinely neglected despite clear instructions, indicating systemic safety failures.
Carlington Spencer
Historic (No Identified Response)
2020-0167
28 Aug 2020
Lincolnshire
Morton Hall Immigration Removal Centre
Nottingham Healthcare NHS Foundation Tr…
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Prison discipline and healthcare staff exhibited confirmation bias regarding drug use, leading to inadequate investigation, poor record-keeping, insufficient training on new psychoactive substances, and a lack of clear escalation protocols for medical emergencies.
Prince Fosu
All Responded
2020-0148
6 Jul 2020
West London
Central & North West London NHS Foundat…
Independent Monitoring Board
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Healthcare staff require improved training on *when* to make referrals. Additionally, concerns about detainees are not simultaneously reported to healthcare managers, hindering joint working and risking critical issues being missed.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
The IMB will deliver training to all immigration detention IMB members by the end of 2020, and require it for all future members with refresher training every three years. The training will focus on monitoring those in separation, raising concerns, and responding to allegations of abuse. The Trust is developing robust educational pathways within Offender Care and will develop a “train the trainer” programme to enable local sites to provide mental health awareness training routinely. The Offender Care directorate is drafting guidance on when a patient should be referred to the mental health team, including conditions and symptoms and will be circulating it as a standalone document to all CNWL staff and to all partner agencies by the end of November 2020.
Dean George
Partially Responded
2020-0104
24 Apr 2020
Swansea and Neath Port Talbot
Department of Health and Social Care
Minister for Health
Welsh Assembly
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Welsh prisons lack an integrated treatment system, failing to automatically offer opiate substitution therapy to new arrivals addicted to opiates, creating an inequality in healthcare provision compared to England.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
Opiate substitution therapy is now offered routinely in HMP Swansea the day following admission, where appropriate and safe; healthcare team in the prison is expanding, and an Early Days Opiate Treatment Pilot was launched. A new Substance Misuse Treatment Framework is being developed.
Andrew Jones
Historic (No Identified Response)
2020-0103
20 Apr 2020
Lancashire and Blackburn with Darwin
National Offender Management
Concerns summary (AI summary)
The prison service demonstrated a reduced capacity for self-harm risk assessment, with failures in re-evaluating risk after significant patient changes, providing adequate pain management, and informing new wings of altered risk profiles.
Lewis Francis
All Responded
2020-0074
23 Mar 2020
Exeter and Greater Devon
Avon and Somerset Police
Cornwall Partnership NHS Foundation Tru…
Cygnet Healthcare
+8 more
Concerns summary (AI summary)
A lack of mechanisms for transferring serious crime suspects in police custody to mental health facilities and insufficient understanding of autistic prisoners' needs pose significant risks.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
Wiltshire Police is working with other forces and the South West Provider Collaborative to develop a Memorandum of Understanding regarding mental health pathways. Avon and Somerset Police, on behalf of the South West Provider Collaborative, has clarified out-of-hours admission processes and confirmed with providers that services are commissioned to admit patients out of hours if clinically indicated. They are also developing a Memorandum of Understanding, with key milestones including governance/agency approval by October 2020 and communication to stakeholders by November 2020. They consider the training action is directed towards the Prison Service alone.
Ian Weeks
All Responded
2020-0064
12 Mar 2020
South Wales Central
Cardiff and Vale NHS Trust
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Failures in checking medical records upon prison admission led to missed antidepressant medication, exacerbated by staff shortages, heavy workloads, and the absence of a "red flag" warning system for suicide risk.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
Cardiff and Vale NHS Trust has reviewed the records, processes, and systems related to the death, noting a difference between NHS Wales and England regarding GP record access for prisoners. They have recently gained funding for an IT data specialist to improve IT in the prison, with recruitment to be pursued once a workforce review is complete.
Robert Brown
All Responded
2020-0065
9 Mar 2020
Staffordshire (south)
National Offender Management Service
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Information in central NOMIS records, medical system records, and the security department was not available to all prison staff who may have benefitted from having it.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
NHS England and NHS Improvement are leading a project with HMPPS to implement inter-operability between SystmOne and NOMIS to improve information sharing; Phase one is delayed until August 2020 due to COVID-19 priorities, and Phase three is expected in 2021. The Safer Custody Zone at Dovegate was formed in 2019, to facilitate information sharing between prison and healthcare staff.
Carl Newman
All Responded
2020-0056
6 Mar 2020
Liverpool and the Wirral
HMPPS
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Prison staff lacked accessible, up-to-date training records for critical safety procedures (ACCT & SASH), indicating a national issue with tracking and ensuring current staff competence.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
Following the inquest, the Governor of HMP Liverpool issued a staff information notice promoting the use of the myLearning system for accessing training records, and a comprehensive guide on how to use the system will follow. The ACCT case management system is being updated and training packages refreshed.
Andrew Goldstraw
Partially Responded
2020-0041
21 Feb 2020
Hampshire (Central)
Central and North West London NHS Found…
Government legal department
HM Prison
+1 more
Concerns summary (AI summary)
The SystmOne computer system hindered mental health nurses from identifying critical suicide risk information due to search difficulties, unpopulated summary sections, and a non-functional keyword search.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust has made changes to healthcare services at HMP Winchester, including internal training on SystmOne, Mental Health risk assessments and a joint learning bulletin stressing the importance of sharing information.
Marlon Watson
All Responded
2020-0010
14 Jan 2020
Staffordshire (South)
HMP Dovegate
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Healthcare staff at HMP Dovegate demonstrated an inadequate understanding of the ACCT process, which is a significant concern for managing prisoner welfare and suicide risk.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
Care UK has offered additional refresher ACCT training to all staff, to be provided by the prison within 12 weeks. They are also implementing a system to ensure senior oversight on ACCT and SASH training across all Care UK sites. Care UK has offered additional refresher ACCT training to all staff, to be provided by the prison within 12 weeks. They are also implementing a system to ensure senior oversight on ACCT and SASH training across all Care UK sites.
Tomasz Nowasad
All Responded
2019-0445
20 Dec 2019
Manchester (City)
Greater Manchester mental Health NHS Tr…
HM Prison and Probation Service
Concerns summary (AI summary)
There was an over-reliance on prisoners' self-declarations regarding self-harm risk, and insufficient consideration of all risk factors or the "big picture" during ACCT reviews and discharge. Risk assessment rationales were also not consistently documented.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
NHS England published guidelines and supporting documents for Health and Justice Clinical Reviewers in Sept 2018 and has published an amended specification for the provision of mental health services in prison. Additional resources were provided to HMP Manchester for mental health staffing. HM Prison and Probation Service are rolling out improvements to the ACCT process and are increasing the numbers of safer cells available to governors, including at HMP Manchester.
Daniel Akam
Historic (No Identified Response)
2019-0461
10 Dec 2019
South Yorkshire (East)
Advisory Panel on Deaths in Custody
HM Inspector of Prisons
HMP Lindholme
+3 more
Concerns summary (AI summary)
ACCT observations were missed and recorded as completed, officers did not appear to know their obligations and responsibilities, and there was inadequate ACCT training for officers.
Gareth Warburton
Historic (No Identified Response)
2019-0411
4 Dec 2019
Worcestershire
HMP Hewell
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Important letters from a clinician regarding a prisoner's prescription error and medication were neither acknowledged by the Governor nor passed to the prison healthcare team, posing a risk to prisoner welfare.
Luke Jones
Partially Responded
2019-0409
3 Dec 2019
North Wales (East and Central)
Government Legal Department
HMP Berwyn
MOJ
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Concerns exist regarding the continuing accessibility and use of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) within HMP Berwyn, posing significant health risks and a high probability of future deaths.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
HMP Berwyn has implemented various measures to tackle psychoactive substances, including improved gate searching, changes in the supervision of domestic visits, safe detoxification on reception, and extended mandatory drug testing. A Rapiscan machine is also in place to improve detection of contraband items.