Need to share information between regulators
Sharing of intelligence between regulators needs to go further than sharing of existing concerns identified as risks. It should extend to all intelligence which when pieced together with that possessed by partner organisations may raise the level of concern. Work should be done on a template of the sort of information each organisation would find helpful.
- The Department of Health and Social Care stated in April 2025 that the National Quality Board and System Quality Groups serve as strategic forums for intelligence sharing between organisations (DHSC and NHS England implementation update to the Thirlwall Inquiry, April 2025).
- National guidance for System Quality Groups was published in January 2022 (National Guidance, NHS England, January 2022).
How was this evidence gathered?
Response
Accepted
Response
AcceptedThe government published "Hard Truths: the Journey to Putting Patients First" (Cm 8777) on 19 November 2013, responding to all 290 recommendations of the Francis Report. This followed an initial response "Patients First and Foremost" in March 2013. Key reforms included a new Chief Inspector of Hospitals, strengthened Care Quality Commission inspection regime, a statutory duty of candour, and the fit and proper person test for NHS directors. Volume 2 (Cm 8754) contains the government's detailed responses to each of the 290 recommendations. See: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7cd486ed915d63cc65d167/34658_Cm_8777_Vol_1_accessible.pdf
Progress Timeline
DHSC and NHS England implementation update provided to the Thirlwall Inquiry (April 2025). This is the government's own account of progress, submitted to the inquiry. Reviewed extent of implementation: Implemented – Ongoing. Monitor and CQC established a Memorandum of Understanding shortly after the CQC was formed to set out information-sharing arrangements and other ways of co-working. This action predates the new regulatory framework created by the Health and Social Care Act (2012) included NHS England, Monitor and the Trust Development Authority Oversight Framework, Assurance. Since then, the functions of these bodies have been merged into NHS England with a single oversight framework which seeks to ensure the alignment of priorities across the NHS and with wider system partners including Integrated Care Boards. A focus of the new operating framework is on working collaboratively. NHS England and the Care Quality Commission (CQC) are committed to working together to deliver the statutory duty set out in the Health and Social Care Act 2012 to co-operate and to deliver their common purpose to improve outcomes for patients. Please see our response to recommendation 31 for detail on the work of the cross-organisational Joint Strategic Oversight Group, National Quality Board and System Quality Groups and Oversight Framework.
Published Evidence
Published assessments of progress from inspectorates, select committees, official progress reports, and other sources. Source type badge indicates whether each assessment is independent or government self-reported.
Penny Dash Review (commissioned May 2024) found significant failings at CQC. Health Secretary declared CQC "not fit for purpose". Key findings: one in five services never rated; inspection levels well below pre-pandemic levels; lack of specialist inspector expertise; 5,000 notification-of-concern backlog. CQC consulting on resetting its approach from October 2025.
Research published 2023 marking ten years since the Francis Report found mixed results. Structural and legislative changes largely delivered (duty of candour, FPPR, CQC overhaul, revalidation, Freedom to Speak Up Guardians). However, cultural change not fully embedded; understaffing, fear of speaking up, and poor complaint handling persist in parts of the NHS.
Government published "Culture Change in the NHS" (Cm 9009) reporting progress on all 290 recommendations. Key achievements: 19 hospitals placed in special measures; those trusts recruited 109 additional doctors and 1,805 additional nurses; 129 board-level changes made; excess avoidable deaths fell by 450 in less than a year.
New "Fundamental Standards" replaced previous CQC registration requirements from 7 November 2014. Health and Social Care Act 2008 (Regulated Activities) Regulations 2014 introduced clearer minimum standards including: person-centred care (Reg 9), dignity (Reg 10), safe care (Reg 12), staffing (Reg 18), good governance (Reg 17), fit and proper persons (Reg 5), duty of candour (Reg 20).
CQC overhauled its inspection regime in response to Francis. Professor Sir Mike Richards appointed as first Chief Inspector of Hospitals (July 2013). New methodology based on five key questions (Safe, Effective, Caring, Responsive, Well-led) rolled out nationally October 2014. Four-tier ratings introduced (Outstanding/Good/Requires Improvement/Inadequate). Specialist expert-led inspection teams replaced generalist compliance model.
Government published "Hard Truths: The Journey to Putting Patients First" (Cm 8777) in two volumes. Vol 1 set out new actions; Vol 2 provided detailed response to each of the 290 recommendations. Approximately 204 of 290 recommendations were fully accepted.