HMPO’s ability to process applications efficiently hinges on the successful delivery of its digital transformation programme, which began in 2016 and was originally expected to be completed by March 2022. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the programme’s scope had to be quickly expanded to accommodate staff working from home, which contributed to delays. At the time of our evidence session, HMPO expected to complete the transformation programme in the 2024–25 financial year, although it acknowledged that it may not fully deliver the programme until 2025–26.37