UK trade with the US, India and EU

Business and Trade Committee Closed Inquiry
Opened: 6 Jun 2025 Closed: 24 Apr 2026 Parliament page
The Business and Trade Committee is launching an inquiry into the UK’s trade deals with three of its most important partners: the United States, India, and the European Union. As part of this work, the Committee will scrutinise the detail and implementation of three recent developments: the India Free Trade … Read more
32 Recommendations
17 Conclusions
2 Reports
4 Oral sessions
40 Letters
4 Events
Activity timeline 52 events
17 Apr
2026
Report published
25 Mar
2026
Correspondence
11 Mar
2026
Correspondence
11 Mar
2026
Correspondence
11 Mar
2026
Correspondence
11 Mar
2026
Correspondence
11 Mar
2026
Correspondence
9 Mar
2026
Oral evidence
9 Mar
2026
Correspondence
9 Mar
2026
Formal meeting (oral evidence session) · The Wilson Room, Portcullis House
26 Feb
2026
Correspondence
24 Feb
2026
Correspondence
Oral evidence sessions 4 sessions
9 Mar 2026
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Amanda Brooks CBE · Department for Business and Trade Chris Bryant MP · Department for Business and Trade Kate Joseph · Department for Business and Trade
10 Feb 2026
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Andrew Dowler · Blackstone Audrey Yvernault · GSK Ben Richardson · CoreWeave Dr Richard Torbett · Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry (ABPI) Dr Scott Steedman CBE · British Standards Institution (BSI) Duncan Edwards OBE · British American Business Hugh Milward · Microsoft Jonathan Legh-Smith · UKQuantum Loren Jones · Amentum Paul Weston · Prologis UK Limited Russell Codling · Tata Steel UK
13 Jan 2026
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Trade with the EU
Alastair Gunn · Road Haulage Association Julian Walker · Associated British Ports Matt Hinde · National Grid Oriel Petry · Airbus UK Paul Nowak · Trades Union Congress (TUC) Peter Brennan · UK Steel Sean McGuire · Confederation of British Industry (CBI) Toby Ovens · Broughton Transport Tom Bradshaw · National Farmers' Union
2 Dec 2025
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Amanda Tickel · Deloitte UK Chris Bryant MP · Department for Business and Trade Dr Claus Zimmermann · Ashurst LLP Kate Thornley · Department for Business and Trade Mr John Cooke · TheCityUK Mr Jonathan Brenton · Pernod Ricard Mr Mike Archer · AstraZeneca UK Murray Paul · Jaguar Land Rover (JLR) Pankaj S Kulkarni · Tech Mahindra Rachel Timmins · Ceramics UK Tom Bradshaw · National Farmers' Union Tom Wills · Trade Justice Movement
Recommendations & Conclusions
15 results
Clear
1 Conclusion Acknowledged
10th Report – US Economic Prosperi…
UK welcomes Economic Prosperity Deal as US expands strategic trade policy.
The United States is expanding the use of trade policy to advance its strategic and security objectives. It is therefore welcome that the United Kingdom has achieved the Economic Prosperity Deal representing a new phase of UK-US economic engagement. (Conclusion, … Read more
Government Response
The government acknowledges the importance of the US relationship and confirms it is building on the Economic Prosperity Deal and Tech Prosperity Deal to foster a future-facing partnership with significant investment commitments and cooperation on economic security, supply chains, and critical minerals.
Department for Business and Trade
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4 Conclusion Acknowledged
10th Report – US Economic Prosperi…
GT-EPD scrutiny limited due to informal negotiation and absent economic impact analysis.
We welcome the extension of the treaty parliamentary scrutiny period from 10 to 20 sitting days, as set out in the Trade Strategy. However, we regret that scrutiny of the GT-EPD are limited due to the trade-related provisions having been … Read more
Government Response
The government acknowledges the committee's concerns by listing past statements to the House and committing to continue informing Parliament on EPD developments, with any final agreement subject to established scrutiny procedures.
Department for Business and Trade
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16 Conclusion Acknowledged
10th Report – US Economic Prosperi…
Government unable to prevent Vivergo plant closure, impacting bioethanol production capacity.
We were disappointed to hear that the Government were unable to provide support to the bioethanol industry to prevent the closure of the Vivergo plant. This has already had a substantial impact on domestic production capacity of bioethanol, associated supply … Read more
Government Response
The government acknowledges the concern by stating that DBT officials are continuing to monitor and assess risks across the supply chain in collaboration with other departments.
Department for Business and Trade
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17 Recommendation Acknowledged
10th Report – US Economic Prosperi…
Work urgently with UK bioethanol industry to protect domestic production capacity and supply chains.
We recommend that the Government continue to work urgently with the remaining UK bioethanol industry to co-design appropriate support measures. These should protect domestic production capacity and associated supply chains while medium-term supply side policies take effect. (Recommendation, Paragraph 99) … Read more
Government Response
The government states that DBT officials are continuing to work closely with other government departments to monitor and assess risks across the supply chain, but it does not specifically commit to co-designing support measures with the bioethanol industry.
Department for Business and Trade
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18 Recommendation Acknowledged
10th Report – US Economic Prosperi…
Drive further negotiations with US to de-risk tariffs and expand economic co-operation.
The Government must now drive forward further negotiations with the US to de-risk the threat of future tariffs, seek to match EU terms where those are preferential to those for the UK, lock in agreed tariff reductions and expanding co-operation. … Read more
Government Response
The government states that UK-US discussions are continuing under the EPD General Terms, with a view to achieving a significantly preferential outcome and expanding the agreement, but it provides no specific commitments or timelines for de-risking tariffs or matching EU terms.
Department for Business and Trade
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26 Recommendation Acknowledged
10th Report – US Economic Prosperi…
Balance digital trade and AI growth with strong protections for UK standards and industries.
Looking ahead, future commitments in the potential Economic Prosperity Deal must balance opportunities for growth in digital trade, AI, and services with strong protections for UK standards, tax sovereignty, and critical domestic industries. (Recommendation, Paragraph 141) 56 Read more
Government Response
The government highlights the economic potential of digital technologies and AI, referencing the Tech Prosperity Deal and its commitment to ambitious digital trade provisions, and states it will continue to safeguard its ability to regulate the digital economy, but doesn't specifically address the balance for all UK standards, tax sovereignty, and critical domestic industries across the full EPD.
Department for Business and Trade
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2 Conclusion Acknowledged
12th Report - UK-India Comprehensi…
Trade agreement delivers immediate market access benefits for goods, including spirits and automotives.
The most immediate benefits are concentrated in goods sectors facing historically high Indian tariffs, particularly spirits and automotives, where the Agreement delivers commercially significant and predictable market access for the first time. The Agreement also delivers new market access in … Read more
Government Response
The government acknowledges the benefits of CETA, predicting it will boost UK GDP by £4.8bn by 2040, and that India will drop tariffs on 90% of lines.
Department for Business and Trade
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5 Conclusion Acknowledged
12th Report - UK-India Comprehensi…
Trade agreement provides limited new market access for UK services into India.
While the Agreement provides greater certainty and stability for UK services providers, it delivers limited new market access into India. The practical value of the services provisions will therefore depend largely on effective implementation, particularly progress on mutual recognition of … Read more
Government Response
The government states that they will identify and encourage mutually interested UK and Indian bodies to negotiate mutual recognition agreements for professional qualifications and will actively facilitate MRPQs where they are of mutual interest, but it is ultimately the regulators' decision.
Department for Business and Trade
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7 Conclusion Acknowledged
12th Report - UK-India Comprehensi…
India-UK trade agreement brings no significant changes to India's IP regime.
The Committee concludes that the Agreement does not introduce significant changes to India’s intellectual property regime that are likely to support growth in UK pharmaceutical exports. At the same time, the Committee recognises India’s role as a major producer of … Read more
Government Response
The government states that the IP chapter goes beyond India's precedent in FTAs, supporting the economy through IP rights protection and enforcement. They will continue to advance this agenda through the Working Group on Intellectual Property Rights and a specialist Intellectual Property attaché in India.
Department for Business and Trade
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9 Conclusion Acknowledged
12th Report - UK-India Comprehensi…
Trade agreement modestly extends existing mobility arrangements with limited labour market impact.
The Agreement locks in and modestly extends existing arrangements for mobility. The Government maintains that the provisions are limited in scope and will not have a material impact on the UK labour market. (Conclusion, Paragraph 70)
Government Response
The government acknowledges that the mobility provisions within CETA apply to short-term service supply and are not expected to have a material impact on the UK's labour market.
Department for Business and Trade
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12 Recommendation Acknowledged
12th Report - UK-India Comprehensi…
Ensure Responsible Business Conduct Review creates enforceable human and labour rights expectations for businesses.
The Government should ensure that its ongoing Responsible Business Conduct Review results in clear and enforceable expectations on UK businesses, including respect for human rights and labour rights within their supply chains. The Government should report to Parliament on the … Read more
Government Response
The government states that the Responsible Business Conduct review will be critical to ensuring businesses operate in a way that respects human rights, labour rights, the environment, and anti-corruption measures, and will update Parliament when the review is complete.
Department for Business and Trade
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14 Conclusion Acknowledged
12th Report - UK-India Comprehensi…
Uncertainty during trade agreement ratification risks delaying commercial decisions for UK businesses.
The Committee notes evidence that uncertainty during the ratification period risks delaying commercial decisions, particularly in sectors where tariff reductions under the Agreement are commercially significant. Given the absence of provisional application, timely ratification and clear communication on implementation timelines … Read more
Government Response
HM Government will continue to update Parliament regularly on preparation, utilisation, and tariff preference uptake and will endeavour to publish provisional data on utilisation rates within the first year.
Department for Business and Trade
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15 Conclusion Acknowledged
12th Report - UK-India Comprehensi…
Tariff liberalisation risks limited utilisation and increased competitive pressures for some UK sectors.
Tariff liberalisation under the Agreement is commercially meaningful for key UK exports. However, long staging periods, complex rules of origin and administrative burdens risk limiting utilisation, particularly among SMEs. The Committee notes that some sectors, including textiles, ceramics and potentially … Read more
Government Response
HM Government will continue to update Parliament regularly on preparation, utilisation, and tariff preference uptake, will work with industry and the Government of India on concerns raised, and will establish clear and continuous feedback loops with UK businesses.
Department for Business and Trade
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23 Recommendation Acknowledged
12th Report - UK-India Comprehensi…
Schedule a debate on a substantive motion for the Agreement to enable meaningful scrutiny.
The Committee welcomes the Government’s commitment to make time available in the House of Commons for a debate on the Agreement during the CRaG period. However, we are disappointed that the Government intends to seek only a general debate. Given … Read more
Government Response
The government states it is grateful for the scrutiny and proactively sought a debate in both Houses on this deal to recognize the relevant committees’ respective inquiries and commitment to transparency.
Department for Business and Trade
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24 Recommendation Acknowledged
12th Report - UK-India Comprehensi…
Commit to making time available to debate all Free Trade Agreements in the Commons.
The Government should commit to making time available in the House of Commons to debate all FTAs it agrees with other countries. (Recommendation, Paragraph 118) 79
Government Response
The government reaffirms its commitment to provide a debate on any new trade deal during the statutory scrutiny period (where Parliamentary time allows).
Department for Business and Trade
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Government Response AI assessment · 49 of 32 classified
Accepted 29
Acknowledged 15
Deferred 2
Not Addressed 3
Total 32 recs + 17 conclusions
Correspondence 40 letters
25 Mar 2026 To committee Letter from the Minister for Industry relating to further information requested on the UK steel industry, 17 March 2026
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11 Mar 2026 To committee Letter from Amentum relating to the UK-US Technology Prosperity Deal, 16 February 2026
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11 Mar 2026 To committee Letter from the Secretary of State and the Minister for the Constitution and EU relations relating to UK-EU Competition Cooperation Agreement, 3 March 2026
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11 Mar 2026 From committee Letter to the Minister for Industry relating to the UK steel industry, 2 March 2026
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11 Mar 2026 To committee Letter from Prologis relating to the Committee's evidence session on 10 February on US trade, 27 February 2026
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11 Mar 2026 To committee Letter from National Grid relating to the Committee's evidence session on 13 January on EU trade, 23 January 2026
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9 Mar 2026 To committee Letter from the Minister of State for Trade relating to US tariffs and the US Supreme Court ruling, 6 March 2026
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26 Feb 2026 From committee Letter to the Minister of State for Trade relating to US tariffs and the US Supreme Court ruling, 23 February 2026
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24 Feb 2026 To committee Letter from the Minister for the Constitution and European Union Relations relating to an evidence session on UK relations with the European Union, 12 February 2025
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24 Feb 2026 To committee Letter from the Minister for Industry relating to the UK steel industry, 19 February 2026
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11 Feb 2026 To committee Letter from Tata Steel relating to the Committee's evidence session on 10 February on UK trade with the US, 3 February 2026
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11 Feb 2026 From committee Letter to the Minister for Industry relating to the UK steel industry, 11 February 2026
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11 Feb 2026 From committee Letter to the Minister for the Constitution and European Union Relations and the Minister of State for Trade relating to an evidence session on UK relations with the European Union, 5 February 2025
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3 Feb 2026 To committee Letter from the Minister of State for Trade relating to changes to the beef quota as part of UK-US Economic Prosperity Deal, 20 January 2026
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3 Feb 2026 To committee Letter from the Minister for Migration and Citizenship relating to mobility provisions in the UK-India Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, 20 January 2026
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3 Feb 2026 To committee Letter from the Road Haulage Association relating to the Committee session on 13 January on the EU reset, 16 January 2026
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3 Feb 2026 To committee Letter from the Minister of State for Trade relating to the start of the scrutiny period for the UK-India Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, 21 January 2026
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3 Feb 2026 To committee Letter from the Minister of State for Trade relating to a Committee session on the UK's trade policy regarding the EU and US, 22 January 2026
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13 Jan 2026 From committee Letter to the Minister of State for Trade and the Minister for the Constitution and EU relations relating to an evidence session on UK-EU relations, 7 January 2026
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6 Jan 2026 To committee Letter from the Minister of State for Trade relating to the evidence session on 2 December on the UK-India Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, 16 December 2025
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6 Jan 2026 To committee Letter from Minister of State for Trade relating to a parliamentary debate on the UK-India Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, 19 December 2025
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9 Dec 2025 From committee Letter to the Minister of State for Trade relating to further information following evidence session on trade with India, 8 December 2025
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9 Dec 2025 From committee Letter to the Minister of State for Trade relating to confirmation of a debate on the UK–India Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, 9 December 2025
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4 Dec 2025 To committee Letter from the Minister of State for Trade relating to an update on UK-US trade, 1 December 2025
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4 Dec 2025 To committee Letter from the Ministers for Trade and for Migration and Citizenship relating to migration impacts of the UK-India Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, 17 November 2025
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26 Nov 2025 From committee Letter to Minister for Indo-Pacific relating to the UK-India Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, 23 October 2025
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25 Nov 2025 From committee Letter to the Minister for Migrations and Citizenship, and the Exchequer Secretary relating to Mobility Provisions and Fiscal Implications of the UK-India Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, 23 October 2025
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25 Nov 2025 To committee Letter from the Minister for Indo-Pacific relating to strategic and geopolitical considerations of the UK-India Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, 19 November 2025
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25 Nov 2025 To committee Letter from Exchequer Secretary to the Treasury relating to Double Contributions Convention in the UK-India Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, 17 November 2025
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25 Nov 2025 To committee Letter from the Minister for Trade relating to a Call for Evidence on the UK’s potential accession to the Pan-Euro Mediterranean Convention, 17 November 2025
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21 Oct 2025 To committee Letter from the Minister of State for Trade relating to the Ratification Plan for the UK-India Free Trade Agreement, 14 October 2025
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21 Oct 2025 To committee Letter from the Minister of State for Trade relating to UK-US Trade, 13 October 2025
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14 Sep 2025 To committee Letter from the Minister of State for Trade Policy and Economic Security relating to tariffs on finished goods exported to the US, 5 September 2025
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2 Sep 2025 To committee Letter from the Secretary of State relating to Parliamentary scrutiny of the US-UK Economic Prosperity Deal, 22 July 2025
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2 Sep 2025 To committee Letter from the Secretary of State relating to the UK-India Free Trade Agreement, 23 July 2025
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22 Aug 2025 From committee Letter to the Minister for Trade Policy and Economic Security relating to tariffs on finished goods exported to the US, 22 August 2025
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15 Jul 2025 From committee Letter to the Secretary of State relating to parliamentary scrutiny of the US-UK Economic Prosperity Deal, 9 July 2025
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15 Jul 2025 To committee Letter from the Secretary of State relating to UK-US Economic Prosperity Deal, 26 June 2025
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24 Jun 2025 To committee Letter from Minister for Trade Policy and Economic Security relating to UK-US EPD update, 18 June 2025
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24 Jun 2025 From committee Letter to Trade Ministers relating to UK-EU Common Understanding, 16 June 2025
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