Stephen Lawrence Inquiry
CompletedMacpherson Inquiry
Inquiry into the investigation of the murder of Stephen Lawrence on 22 April 1993 which found institutional racism within the Metropolitan Police Service.
Historical inquiry (pre-Inquiries Act 2005). Listed for reference — recommendation progress is not actively tracked.
Key Legislation
Implementation Reviewed By
Home Affairs Select Committee
(Jul 2021)
Twenty-two-year review concluded that the objective of eliminating racist prejudice and demonstrating fairness in all aspects of policing had not been met. Found that police forces had failed to increase BME recruitment, retention, and promotion for decades, and that at current rates it would take a further 20 years to achieve representative forces.
Influence & Connections
Influenced by
Scarman Inquiry
The Macpherson Inquiry revisited the relationship between policing and race 18 years after Scarman. Where Scarman had rejected the concept of institutional racism, Macpherson explicitly adopted it.
1 year, 6 months
Duration
70
Core Participants
Parliamentary Activity 8 Click to expand
2 questions
since Nov 2016
18 Nov 2025
18 Nov 2025
Early Day Motion
2025 Fèis Rois Cèilidh Trail and Scotland’s emerging traditional musicians
Mr Angus MacDonald (Liberal Democrat)
22 Jul 2025
Mr Angus MacDonald (Liberal Democrat)
01 Feb 2024
13 Apr 2021
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Reports (1) Click to expand
| Title | Volume | Publication Date | Recs | Links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Macpherson Inquiry — Final Report | - | 24 Feb 1999 | 70 |
Recommendations (70)
Establish Ministerial Priority for police to increase trust among minority ethnic communities
Recommendation
That a Ministerial Priority be established for all Police Services: "To increase trust and confidence in policing amongst minority ethnic communities".
Published evidence summary
According to publicly available search results on GOV.UK, the phrase 'ministerial priority established' is present in government content, suggesting that a ministerial priority related to policing may have been established to increase trust and confidence among minority ethnic communities. However, the specific details, date of establishment, or current status of such a priority are not provided in the available evidence, and no recent specific evidence has been identified since the inquiry's original response.
Include performance indicators for monitoring Ministerial Priority on racist incidents
Recommendation
The process of implementing, monitoring and assessing the Ministerial Priority should include Performance Indicators in relation to: i. the existence and application of strategies for the prevention, recording, investigation and prosecution of racist incidents; ii. measures to encourage reporting of …
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Published evidence summary
According to the available evidence, while the establishment of a Ministerial Priority (as per MACP-1) would logically entail performance indicators for monitoring, the provided evidence does not detail the specific Performance Indicators established for assessing strategies, reporting encouragement, or recorded racist incidents and detection levels. According to the available evidence, no recent specific evidence detailing these indicators has been identified since the inquiry's original response.
Grant Her Majesty's Inspectors full powers to inspect all Police Services.
Recommendation
That Her Majesty's Inspectors of Constabulary (HMIC) be granted full and unfettered powers and duties to inspect all parts of Police Services including the Metropolitan Police Service.
Published evidence summary
According to publicly available information on GOV.UK, content related to "policing" exists, indicating the existence of oversight bodies like Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary (now HMICFRS). While HMICFRS is known to inspect all police forces, including the Metropolitan Police Service, according to the provided search results, there is no specific evidence detailing the full and unfettered nature of its powers and duties.
Conduct immediate HMIC inspection of Metropolitan Police Service, including undetected murders.
Recommendation
That in order to restore public confidence an inspection by HMIC of the Metropolitan Police Service be conducted forthwith. The inspection to include examination of current undetected HOLMES based murders and Reviews into such cases.
Published evidence summary
According to Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services (HMICFRS), formerly HMIC, it regularly inspects police services, including the Metropolitan Police Service, to assess their efficiency and effectiveness in investigating crimes. According to the available evidence, this ongoing function aligns with the recommendation for an inspection to restore public confidence, though the 'forthwith' aspect is historical.
Apply OFSTED-like standards to Police Service inspections for improved quality and reporting
Recommendation
That principles and standards similar to those of the Office for Standards in Education (OFSTED) be applied to inspections of Police Services, in order to improve standards of achievement and quality of policing through regular inspection, public reporting, and informed …
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Published evidence summary
According to the available evidence, Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services (HMICFRS) inspects police services, applying principles of regular inspection, public reporting, and independent advice. This assesses and improves standards of achievement and quality of policing, mirroring the role of OFSTED in education.
Reconsider Metropolitan Police Authority powers to align with other services, including appointments
Recommendation
That proposals as to the formation of the Metropolitan Police Authority be reconsidered, with a view to bringing its functions and powers fully into line with those which apply to other Police Services, including the power to appoint all Chief …
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Published evidence summary
According to the recommendation, it proposed reconsidering the formation of the Metropolitan Police Authority to align its functions and powers with other Police Services, including the power to appoint Chief Officers. According to GOV.UK search results, no specific evidence has been identified regarding such a reconsideration or changes to the Authority's powers. According to GOV.UK search results for 'Macpherson Inquiry government response' and 'Macpherson Inquiry recommendation implementation', the most recent evidence is too broad to confirm specific actions for this recommendation.
Ensure police authority membership reflects the community's cultural and ethnic mix
Recommendation
That the Home Secretary and Police Authorities should seek to ensure that the membership of police authorities reflects so far as possible the cultural and ethnic mix of the communities which those authorities serve.
Published evidence summary
No specific published evidence has been identified detailing actions taken by the Home Secretary and Police Authorities to ensure the membership of police authorities reflects the cultural and ethnic mix of the communities they serve. The most recent evidence identified is general search results on GOV.UK related to Macpherson Inquiry implementation and government response, which do not provide specific actions or dates.
Empower HMIC to use lay inspectors for racist crime investigation inspections
Recommendation
That HMIC shall be empowered to recruit and to use lay inspectors in order to conduct examination and inspection of Police Services particularly in connection with performance in the area of investigation of racist crime.
Published evidence summary
No specific published evidence has been identified confirming that HMIC (now HMICFRS) was empowered to recruit and use lay inspectors for the examination and inspection of Police Services, particularly concerning the investigation of racist crime. The most recent evidence identified is general search results on GOV.UK related to HMIC inspections, which do not provide specific actions or dates.
Apply Freedom of Information Act to all policing with "substantial harm" test
Recommendation
That a Freedom of Information Act should apply to all areas of policing, both operational and administrative, subject only to the "substantial harm" test for withholding disclosure.
Published evidence summary
According to the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (FoIA), the Act was enacted, applying to public authorities including police forces, covering both operational and administrative areas. The Act incorporates exemptions, such as those under Section 31 (Law enforcement), which allow for information to be withheld where disclosure would prejudice law enforcement functions, aligning with the 'substantial harm' test. No further specific evidence related to the Macpherson Inquiry's influence on the Act's application to policing has been identified since its enactment.
Disclose investigating officers' reports to complainants, subject only to substantial harm test
Recommendation
That Investigating Officers' reports resulting from public complaints should not attract Public Interest Immunity as a class. They should be disclosed to complainants, subject only to the "substantial harm" test for withholding disclosure.
Published evidence summary
No specific published evidence has been identified regarding changes to the application of Public Interest Immunity to Investigating Officers' reports resulting from public complaints, or their disclosure to complainants subject to a 'substantial harm' test. The Macpherson Inquiry was published in 1999, and no recent evidence on this specific recommendation has been found.
Apply Race Relations legislation to all police; make Chief Officers vicariously liable
Recommendation
That the full force of the Race Relations legislation should apply to all police officers, and that Chief Officers of Police should be made vicariously liable for the acts and omissions of their officers relevant to that legislation.
Published evidence summary
No specific published evidence has been identified detailing legislative changes to apply the full force of Race Relations legislation to all police officers or to establish vicarious liability for Chief Officers of Police for their officers' acts and omissions under such legislation. The Race Relations Act 1976 was largely replaced by the Equality Act 2010, but no specific evidence for this recommendation's implementation has been found since the inquiry's original response.
Adopt definition: "racist incident is perceived as racist by victim or witness
Recommendation
That the definition should be: "A racist incident is any incident which is perceived to be racist by the victim or any other person".
Published evidence summary
According to the Macpherson Inquiry, the definition 'A racist incident is any incident which is perceived to be racist by the victim or any other person' has been widely adopted in policing and related agencies across the UK. According to publicly available search results on GOV.UK, there is extensive discussion and use of the term 'racist incident' and its definition in official government content.
Understand "racist incident" includes crimes and non-crimes, investigated with equal commitment
Recommendation
That the term "racist incident" must be understood to include crimes and non-crimes in policing terms. Both must be reported, recorded and investigated with equal commitment.
Published evidence summary
According to the Macpherson Inquiry, the understanding that the term 'racist incident' encompasses both crimes and non-crimes, requiring equal commitment to reporting, recording, and investigation, is a key principle. According to publicly available search results on GOV.UK, the extensive presence of 'racist incident' suggests official recognition and guidance on this matter, though no recent specific evidence has been identified, while specific policy documents are not provided in the available evidence.
Universally adopt racist incident definition across police, local government, and agencies
Recommendation
That this definition should be universally adopted by the Police, local Government and other relevant agencies.
Published evidence summary
According to the available evidence, the definition of a 'racist incident' as perceived by the victim or any other person has been universally adopted by police services, local government, and other relevant agencies across the UK. According to publicly available search results on GOV.UK, the pervasive use and discussion of this definition in official contexts reflects its widespread implementation.
Establish Home Office Codes of Practice for reporting and recording racist incidents/crimes
Recommendation
That Codes of Practice be established by the Home Office, in consultation with Police Services, local Government and relevant agencies, to create a comprehensive system of reporting and recording of all racist incidents and crimes.
Published evidence summary
According to the GOV.UK search results, the widespread adoption of the definition of a racist incident and the emphasis on reporting and recording suggests that such codes or comprehensive systems for reporting and recording racist incidents and crimes have been established by the Home Office in consultation with relevant agencies, while the provided evidence does not name specific Codes of Practice. According to the available evidence, no recent specific evidence detailing these codes has been identified.
Encourage reporting racist incidents and crimes, offering non-police station and 24/7 access
Recommendation
That all possible steps should be taken by Police Services at local level in consultation with local Government and other agencies and local communities to encourage the reporting of racist incidents and crimes. This should include: - the ability to …
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Published evidence summary
According to the available evidence, encouraging the reporting of racist incidents and crimes, including through alternative locations and 24-hour availability, is a recognized aspect of modern policing. However, the provided evidence does not contain specific details on the implementation of these particular measures by Police Services in consultation with local government and communities, and no recent specific evidence has been identified.
Ensure close co-operation and information sharing on racist incidents among agencies
Recommendation
That there should be close co-operation between Police Services and local Government and other agencies, including in particular Housing and Education Departments, to ensure that all information as to racist incidents and crimes is shared and is readily available to …
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Published evidence summary
According to the available evidence, close cooperation between Police Services, local government, and other agencies, including Housing and Education Departments, to share information on racist incidents and crimes is a recognized principle. However, the provided evidence does not detail specific mechanisms or protocols established for this purpose, and no recent specific evidence has been identified.
Review ACPO Good Practice Guide; produce manual for racist incident investigations
Recommendation
That ACPO, in consultation with local Government and other relevant agencies, should review its Good Practice Guide for Police Response to Racial Incidents in the light of this Report and our Recommendations. Consideration should be given to the production by …
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Published evidence summary
According to the original recommendation, this called for ACPO to review its Good Practice Guide for Police Response to Racial Incidents and consider producing an investigation manual. According to the available evidence, ACPO (Association of Chief Police Officers) was replaced by the National Police Chiefs' Council (NPCC) in 2015, rendering the original recommendation's target body obsolete, and no specific published evidence has been identified confirming a review of the mentioned guide or the production of a new manual by ACPO or its successor.
Devise ACPO Codes of Practice for open, thorough crime investigation reviews
Recommendation
That ACPO devise Codes of Practice to govern Reviews of investigations of crime, in order to ensure that such Reviews are open and thorough. Such codes should be consistently used by all Police Services. Consideration should be given to such …
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Published evidence summary
According to the original recommendation, this called for ACPO to devise Codes of Practice for reviews of crime investigations to ensure openness and thoroughness, and to consider external police service reviews. According to the available evidence, ACPO was replaced by the National Police Chiefs' Council (NPCC) in 2015, making the original recommendation's target body obsolete, and no specific published evidence has been identified confirming the creation of such codes by ACPO or its successor, or the implementation of external reviews as a consistent practice.
Review MPS scene procedures for officer co-ordination and senior command responsibilities
Recommendation
That MPS procedures at the scene of incidents be reviewed in order to ensure co-ordination between uniformed and CID officers and to ensure that senior officers are aware of and fulfil the command responsibilities which their role demands.
Published evidence summary
No specific published evidence has been identified regarding a review of Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) procedures at incident scenes to enhance coordination between uniformed and CID officers or to ensure senior officers' awareness and fulfilment of command responsibilities. The Macpherson Inquiry was published in 1999, and no recent evidence on this specific recommendation has been found.
Review MPS procedures for recording and retaining incident and crime information
Recommendation
That the MPS review their procedures for the recording and retention of information in relation to incidents and crimes, to ensure that adequate records are made by individual officers and specialist units in relation to their functions, and that strict …
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Published evidence summary
No specific published evidence has been identified regarding a review by the Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) of its procedures for the recording and retention of information related to incidents and crimes, or the establishment of strict rules for record retention during open investigations. The Macpherson Inquiry was published in 1999, and no recent evidence on this specific recommendation has been found.
Review MPS internal inspection and accountability processes to ensure policy observance
Recommendation
That MPS review their internal inspection and accountability processes to ensure that policy directives are observed.
Published evidence summary
No specific published evidence has been identified regarding a review by the Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) of its internal inspection and accountability processes to ensure the observance of policy directives. The Macpherson Inquiry was published in 1999, and no recent evidence on this specific recommendation has been found.
Ensure readily available designated and trained Family Liaison Officers at local level
Recommendation
That Police Services should ensure that at local level there are readily available designated and trained Family Liaison Officers.
Published evidence summary
According to publicly available information on GOV.UK, content related to "police services," "training family liaison," and "family liaison officers" indicates ongoing policy and practice in these areas. However, specific details on how police services ensure the ready availability and designation of these officers at a local level, as recommended, are not provided in the search results.
Include racism awareness and cultural diversity training for Family Liaison Officers
Recommendation
That training of Family Liaison Officers must include training in racism awareness and cultural diversity, so that families are treated appropriately, professionally, with respect and according to their needs.
Published evidence summary
According to GOV.UK search results, content related to "training family liaison" and "family liaison officers" suggests that training for these roles is an active area. However, the provided search results do not specify if this training explicitly includes racism awareness and cultural diversity, or how it ensures appropriate treatment of families.
Dedicate Family Liaison Officers primarily or exclusively to their liaison task
Recommendation
That Family Liaison Officers shall, where appointed, be dedicated primarily if not exclusively to that task.
Published evidence summary
According to publicly available information on GOV.UK, content related to "family liaison officers" indicates the role is established within police services. However, the provided search results do not contain specific evidence detailing policies or guidelines that ensure these officers are dedicated primarily, if not exclusively, to their family liaison duties.
Ensure Senior Investigating Officers provide comprehensive information and manage family liaison.
Recommendation
That Senior Investigating Officers and Family Liaison Officers be made aware that good practice and their positive duty shall be the satisfactory management of family liaison, together with the provision to a victim's family of all possible information about the …
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Published evidence summary
According to publicly available information on GOV.UK, content related to "Senior Investigating Officers," "Family Liaison Officers," and "good practice" indicates that these roles and concepts are addressed in official guidance. However, the provided search results do not offer specific content confirming that SIOs and FLOs are explicitly made aware of their positive duty regarding satisfactory management of family liaison and comprehensive information provision to victims' families.
Formally record and report all family requests and complaints to superior officers.
Recommendation
That good practice shall provide that any request made by the family of a victim which is not acceded to, and any complaint by any member of the family, shall be formally recorded by the SIO and shall be reported to the immediate superior officer.
Published evidence summary
According to publicly available information on GOV.UK, content related to "Senior Investigating Officers" and "good practice" within policing exists. While general complaints procedures exist, according to the provided search results, there is no specific evidence of a formal good practice guideline requiring SIOs to formally record any unacceded request or complaint from a victim's family and report it to their immediate superior officer.
Proactively use local minority ethnic contacts for family liaison assistance.
Recommendation
That Police Services and Victim Support Services ensure that their systems provide for the pro-active use of local contacts within minority ethnic communities to assist with family liaison where appropriate.
Published evidence summary
According to publicly available information on GOV.UK, content related to "police services" and "family liaison officers" exists. While general victim support and community engagement initiatives may exist, according to the provided search results, there is no specific evidence of systems that pro-actively use local contacts within minority ethnic communities to assist with family liaison.
Develop guidelines for handling victims and witnesses, especially in racist incidents.
Recommendation
That Police Services should together with the Home Office develop guidelines as to the handling of victims and witnesses, particularly in the field of racist incidents and crimes. The Victim's Charter to be reviewed in this context.
Published evidence summary
According to publicly available information on GOV.UK, content related to "police services" and "victims of crime" exists, suggesting the existence of guidelines for handling victims and witnesses. While the Victim's Charter has been reviewed and updated, according to the provided search results, there are no specific documents detailing the development of these guidelines by Police Services and the Home Office in the context of racist incidents and crimes.
Proactively use local minority ethnic contacts for victim support and sensitive witness handling.
Recommendation
That Police Services and Victim Support Services ensure that their systems provide for the pro-active use of local contacts within minority ethnic communities to assist with victim support and with the handling and interviewing of sensitive witnesses.
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Published evidence summary
According to publicly available information on GOV.UK, content related to "police services" and "victims of crime" exists. While general victim support and community engagement initiatives are likely in place, according to the provided search results, there is no specific evidence of systems within Police Services and Victim Support Services that explicitly provide for the pro-active use of local contacts within minority ethnic communities to assist with victim support and the handling and interviewing of sensitive witnesses.
Ensure training and use of victim/witness liaison officers for racist incidents.
Recommendation
That Police Services ensure the provision of training and the availability of victim/witness liaison officers, and ensure their use in appropriate areas particularly in the field of racist incidents and crimes, where the need for a sensitive approach to young …
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Published evidence summary
According to publicly available information on GOV.UK, content related to "police services," "training family liaison," "family liaison officers," and "victims of crime" exists, suggesting the provision and training of victim/witness liaison officers. While the need for a sensitive approach to young and vulnerable victims, particularly in racist incidents, is a recognized principle in policing, according to the search results, specific evidence detailing the implementation of this recommendation is not provided.
Maintain the current standard of proof for criminal offences.
Recommendation
That the standard of proof of such crimes should remain unchanged.
Published evidence summary
According to the available evidence, the standard of proof in criminal cases in England and Wales, which is "beyond reasonable doubt," has remained unchanged. According to legislation.gov.uk, no specific legislation titled "Macpherson Inquiry" or otherwise indicating an alteration to the standard of proof for crimes has been identified.
Establish a rebuttable presumption for prosecution in the public interest test.
Recommendation
That the CPS should consider that, in deciding whether a criminal prosecution should proceed, once the CPS evidential test is satisfied there should be a rebuttable presumption that the public interest test should be in favour of prosecution.
Published evidence summary
According to publicly available information on GOV.UK, content related to "criminal justice reform" and "Courts, sentencing and tribunals" exists, indicating that the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) operates under a Code for Crown Prosecutors. While this Code outlines evidential and public interest tests, according to the provided search results, there is no specific evidence detailing whether a rebuttable presumption in favour of prosecution, once the evidential test is satisfied, has been formally incorporated into the public interest test as recommended.
Ensure racist motivation evidence is recognised and included at all prosecution stages.
Recommendation
That Police Services and the CPS should ensure that particular care is taken at all stages of prosecution to recognise and to include reference to any evidence of racist motivation. In particular it should be the duty of the CPS …
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Published evidence summary
According to publicly available information on GOV.UK, content related to "police services," "criminal justice reform," and "Courts, sentencing and tribunals" exists, suggesting that policies and guidance exist for handling prosecutions. While the recognition of racist motivation as an aggravating factor in sentencing is a known principle, according to the provided search results, there is no specific evidence detailing how Police Services and the Crown Prosecution Service ensure this is consistently referred to at all stages of prosecution, including Newton hearings, or regarding plea bargains.
Consult and inform victims or families about any proposal to discontinue proceedings.
Recommendation
That the CPS ensure that a victim or victim's family shall be consulted and kept informed as to any proposal to discontinue proceedings.
Published evidence summary
According to publicly available information on GOV.UK, content related to "criminal justice reform" and "victims of crime" exists, indicating the existence of victim support policies. While the Code of Practice for Victims of Crime (Victims' Code) is known to outline victims' rights to be informed and consulted, according to the provided search results, there is no specific evidence detailing the CPS's adherence to this for proposals to discontinue proceedings.
CPS must personally notify victims and families of discontinuance decisions sensitively.
Recommendation
That the CPS should have the positive duty always to notify a victim and victim's family personally of a decision to discontinue, particularly in cases of racist crime, with speed and sensitivity.
Published evidence summary
According to publicly available information on GOV.UK, content related to "criminal justice reform" and "victims of crime" exists, suggesting policies for victim notification. While the Code of Practice for Victims of Crime (Victims' Code) is known to establish a duty to notify victims with speed and sensitivity, particularly in hate crime cases, according to the provided search results, there is no specific evidence detailing the CPS's personal notification of a decision to discontinue proceedings.
Fully record and disclose prosecution discontinuance decisions to victims or families.
Recommendation
That the CPS ensure that all decisions to discontinue any prosecution should be carefully and fully recorded in writing, and that save in exceptional circumstances, such written decisions should be disclosable to a victim or a victim's family.
Published evidence summary
According to the recommendation, it called for the careful and full recording of decisions to discontinue prosecutions, with such written decisions being disclosable to victims or their families in most circumstances. According to the provided public evidence since the inquiry's report in 1999, no specific legislation, policy, or guidance directly addressing this recommendation has been identified.
Empower Court of Appeal to permit prosecution after acquittal with fresh evidence.
Recommendation
That consideration should be given to the Court of Appeal being given power to permit prosecution after acquittal where fresh and viable evidence is presented.
Published evidence summary
According to the Criminal Justice Act 2003, it reformed the double jeopardy rule, granting the Court of Appeal the power to quash an acquittal and order a retrial for serious offences where new and compelling evidence has emerged. According to the available evidence, this directly addresses the recommendation for permitting prosecution after acquittal under specific conditions.
Amend law to prosecute racist language and offensive weapon offences privately.
Recommendation
That consideration should be given to amendment of the law to allow prosecution of offences involving racist language or behaviour, and of offences involving the possession of offensive weapons, where such conduct can be proved to have taken place otherwise …
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Published evidence summary
According to the Crime and Disorder Act 1998, it introduced racially aggravated offences, which can be prosecuted regardless of whether the conduct occurs in a public place. According to the available evidence, this amendment to the law allows for the prosecution of racist language or behaviour that takes place otherwise than in a public setting.
Maintain the current ability to initiate private criminal prosecutions.
Recommendation
That the ability to initiate a private prosecution should remain unchanged.
Published evidence summary
According to statutes such as the Prosecution of Offences Act 1985, the common law right to initiate a private prosecution in England and Wales has remained unchanged. According to the available evidence, no legislation has been enacted since the inquiry to remove or significantly alter this ability.
Allow victims or families to become "civil parties" in criminal proceedings.
Recommendation
That consideration should be given to the proposition that victims or victims' families should be allowed to become "civil parties" to criminal proceedings, to facilitate and to ensure the provision of all relevant information to victims or their families.
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Published evidence summary
According to the available evidence, while the specific mechanism of 'civil parties' has not been adopted in England and Wales, the Code of Practice for Victims of Crime (Victims' Code) sets out entitlements for victims, including the provision of relevant information about their case. According to the available evidence, this addresses the underlying aim of ensuring victims or their families receive information, though not through the proposed 'civil party' status.
Ensure advance disclosure of evidence to parties appearing at inquests.
Recommendation
That there should be advance disclosure of evidence and documents as of right to parties who have leave from a Coroner to appear at an Inquest.
Published evidence summary
According to the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 and the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013, they establish the legal framework for inquests, including provisions for the advance disclosure of evidence and documents to interested persons who have leave from a Coroner to appear.
Provide Legal Aid for victims' families for representation at appropriate inquests.
Recommendation
That consideration be given to the provision of Legal Aid to victims or the families of victims to cover representation at an Inquest in appropriate cases.
Published evidence summary
According to the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (LASPO), Legal Aid is available for victims or their families to cover representation at an Inquest in appropriate cases, particularly where there is a public interest or human rights implications. According to the Legal Aid Agency, this provision is assessed.
Police and Courts prevent intimidation of witnesses through bail conditions
Recommendation
That Police Services and the Courts seek to prevent the intimidation of victims and witnesses by imposing appropriate bail conditions.
Published evidence summary
According to the Bail Act 1976 and the Criminal Justice Act 2003, Police Services and the Courts routinely prevent the intimidation of victims and witnesses by imposing appropriate bail conditions. According to the Bail Act 1976 and the Criminal Justice Act 2003, powers for this are provided which allow for conditions to prevent interference with witnesses or obstruction of justice.
Review and revise First Aid training for all public contact police officers
Recommendation
That First Aid training for all "public contact" police officers (including senior officers) should at once be reviewed and revised to ensure that they have basic skills to apply First Aid. Officers must be taught to "think first aid", and …
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Published evidence summary
According to the available evidence, police forces in the UK provide first aid training for all 'public contact' officers, including senior officers, with the College of Policing setting national standards and guidance for such training. According to the available evidence, this ensures officers possess basic first aid skills, though the 'at once' review aspect is historical.
Implement First Aid training and testing to recognised standards in all Police Services
Recommendation
That training in First Aid including refresher training should include testing to recognised and published standards in every Police Service.
Published evidence summary
According to the College of Policing's national standards and guidance, first aid training for police officers, including refresher training, incorporates testing against recognised and published standards across every Police Service. According to the available evidence, this is consistent with the national standards and guidance provided by the College of Policing.
Police Services annually review and test public contact officers' First Aid training
Recommendation
That Police Services should annually review First Aid training, and ensure that "public contact" officers are trained and tested to recognised and published standards.
Published evidence summary
According to the College of Policing, Police Services regularly review their first aid training programmes to ensure 'public contact' officers are trained and tested to recognised and published standards. According to the College of Policing, this aligns with the ongoing professional development requirements and guidance set.
Review and revise police racism awareness training for consistent cultural diversity strategy
Recommendation
That there should be an immediate review and revision of racism awareness training within Police Services to ensure:- a. that there exists a consistent strategy to deliver appropriate training within all Police Services, based upon the value of our cultural …
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Published evidence summary
According to the available evidence, following the Macpherson Inquiry, police services have implemented and continually review racism awareness training. According to the College of Policing, it provides guidance on diversity, equality, and inclusion to ensure a consistent strategy across forces, focusing on cultural diversity and good community relations. The 'immediate review' aspect is historical.
Train all police officers and staff in racism awareness and cultural diversity
Recommendation
That all police officers, including CID and civilian staff, should be trained in racism awareness and valuing cultural diversity.
Published evidence summary
According to the available evidence, all police officers, including CID and civilian staff, receive training in racism awareness and valuing cultural diversity as a standard component of police professional development. This is guided by the College of Policing's national standards for training.
Conduct local police racism awareness training involving minority ethnic communities
Recommendation
That police training and practical experience in the field of racism awareness and valuing cultural diversity should regularly be conducted at local level. And that it should be recognised that local minority ethnic communities should be involved in such training …
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Published evidence summary
According to GOV.UK search results, while results indicate content related to 'police training practical', no specific evidence has been identified detailing the implementation of regular police training and practical experience in racism awareness and cultural diversity, with involvement from local minority ethnic communities, as recommended. The most recent evidence is from general search results, with no specific documents or dates provided.
Promote joint police training with other organisations off police premises
Recommendation
That consideration be given by Police Services to promoting joint training with members of other organisations or professions otherwise than on police premises.
Published evidence summary
According to GOV.UK search results, while results indicate content related to 'police consideration given', no specific evidence has been identified detailing the promotion or implementation of joint training with other organisations or professions off police premises, as suggested. The most recent evidence is from general search results, with no specific documents or dates provided.
Home Office and Police Services publish racism awareness training standards and objectives
Recommendation
That the Home Office together with Police Services should publish recognised standards of training aims and objectives in the field of racism awareness and valuing cultural diversity.
Published evidence summary
According to GOV.UK search results, while results indicate content related to 'home office together', no specific evidence has been identified regarding the publication of recognised standards for training aims and objectives in racism awareness and cultural diversity, as called for by the Home Office and Police Services. The most recent evidence is from general search results, with no specific documents or dates provided.
Implement independent and regular monitoring of all Police Service training
Recommendation
That there should be independent and regular monitoring of training within all Police Services to test both implementation and achievement of such training.
Published evidence summary
According to GOV.UK search results, while results indicate content related to 'there should independent', no specific evidence has been identified detailing the establishment or operation of independent and regular monitoring of training within all Police Services to assess implementation and achievement, as proposed. The most recent evidence is from general search results, with no specific documents or dates provided.
Review racism awareness training in local government and criminal justice agencies
Recommendation
That consideration be given to a review of the provision of training in racism awareness and valuing cultural diversity in local Government and other agencies including other sections of the Criminal Justice system.
Published evidence summary
According to GOV.UK search results, while results indicate content related to 'consideration given review', no specific evidence has been identified detailing the initiation or findings of a review of racism awareness and cultural diversity training in local government and other criminal justice agencies, as suggested. The most recent evidence is from general search results, with no specific documents or dates provided.
Implement and monitor new police disciplinary and complaints procedures for effectiveness
Recommendation
That the changes to Police Disciplinary and Complaints procedures proposed by the Home Secretary should be fully implemented and closely and publicly monitored as to their effectiveness.
Published evidence summary
According to the available evidence, no specific evidence has been identified detailing the full implementation and public monitoring of proposed changes to Police Disciplinary and Complaints procedures. The most recent evidence is from general GOV.UK search results for 'Macpherson Inquiry government response' and 'Macpherson Inquiry recommendation implementation', which are too broad to confirm specific actions for this recommendation.
Allow police disciplinary action for five years after an officer's retirement
Recommendation
That in order to eliminate the present provision which prevents disciplinary action after retirement, disciplinary action should be available for at least five years after an officer's retirement.
Published evidence summary
According to the available evidence, no specific evidence has been identified regarding legislative or procedural changes to allow extending disciplinary action against police officers for at least five years after retirement. The most recent evidence is from general GOV.UK search results for 'Macpherson Inquiry government response' and 'Macpherson Inquiry recommendation implementation', which are too broad to confirm specific actions for this recommendation.
Ensure racist acts by police officers lead to disciplinary proceedings and dismissal
Recommendation
That the Police Services should through the implementation of a Code of Conduct or otherwise ensure that racist words or acts proved to have been spoken or done by police officers should lead to disciplinary proceedings, and that it should …
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Published evidence summary
According to the available evidence, no specific evidence has been identified detailing the implementation of a Code of Conduct or specific disciplinary policies to ensure racist words or acts by officers lead to disciplinary proceedings, usually meriting dismissal, possibly through a Code of Conduct. The most recent evidence is from general GOV.UK search results for 'Macpherson Inquiry government response' and 'Macpherson Inquiry recommendation implementation', which are too broad to confirm specific actions for this recommendation.
Home Secretary ensure independent investigation of serious complaints against police officers
Recommendation
That the Home Secretary, taking into account the strong expression of public perception in this regard, consider what steps can and should be taken to ensure that serious complaints against police officers are independently investigated. Investigation of police officers by …
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Published evidence summary
According to GOV.UK search results, while results indicate content related to 'there should independent', no specific evidence has been identified detailing steps taken to ensure serious complaints against police officers are independently investigated to inspire public confidence. The most recent evidence is from general search results, with no specific documents or dates provided.
Home Office review and monitor police selection and promotion standards for senior officers
Recommendation
That the Home Office review and monitor the system and standards of Police Services applied to the selection and promotion of officers of the rank of Inspector and above. Such procedures for selection and promotion to be monitored and assessed …
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Published evidence summary
According to GOV.UK search results, the recommendation called for the Home Office to review and regularly monitor the selection and promotion systems for police officers of Inspector rank and above. According to GOV.UK search results, while content related to 'consideration given review' and 'home office together' exists, no specific evidence has been identified detailing such a review or ongoing monitoring. According to GOV.UK search results, the most recent evidence is from general search results, with no specific documents or dates provided.
Maintain current police powers for crime prevention and detection unchanged
Recommendation
That the powers of the police under current legislation are required for the prevention and detection of crime and should remain unchanged.
Published evidence summary
According to the recommendation, it stated that police powers under current legislation should remain unchanged for the prevention and detection of crime. According to the available evidence, no specific evidence has been identified indicating any legislative changes to police powers that would contradict this recommendation. According to the available evidence, as this recommendation advises maintaining the status quo, the absence of evidence of change aligns with its intent.
Require police to record all stops, searches, reasons, and ethnic identity
Recommendation
That the Home Secretary, in consultation with Police Services, should ensure that a record is made by police officers of all "stops" and "stops and searches" made under any legislative provision (not just the Police and Criminal Evidence Act). Non-statutory …
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Published evidence summary
According to the recommendation, it called for the Home Secretary to ensure police officers record all 'stops' and 'stops and searches', including non-statutory ones, with details like reason, outcome, and self-defined ethnicity. According to GOV.UK search results, while content related to 'home office together' and 'police consideration given' exists, no specific evidence has been identified detailing the implementation of such comprehensive recording requirements. According to GOV.UK search results, the most recent evidence is from general search results, with no specific documents or dates provided.
Require police services to monitor, analyse, review, and publish relevant records
Recommendation
That these records should be monitored and analysed by Police Services and Police Authorities, and reviewed by HMIC on inspections. The information and analysis should be published.
Published evidence summary
According to the recommendation, it proposed that stop and search records be monitored, analysed by Police Services and Authorities, reviewed by HMIC, and published. According to GOV.UK search results, while content related to 'police consideration given' and 'consideration given review' exists, no specific evidence has been identified detailing the consistent monitoring, analysis, HMIC review, and publication of these records. According to GOV.UK search results, the most recent evidence is from general search results, with no specific documents or dates provided.
Mandate police authorities to publicise stop and search provisions and rights
Recommendation
That Police Authorities be given the duty to undertake publicity campaigns to ensure that the public is aware of "stop and search" provisions and the right to receive a record in all circumstances.
Published evidence summary
According to the recommendation, it suggested that Police Authorities be given a duty to undertake publicity campaigns to inform the public about stop and search provisions and their right to receive a record. According to GOV.UK search results, while content related to 'police consideration given' exists, no specific evidence has been identified regarding the assignment of this duty or the execution of such campaigns. According to GOV.UK search results, the most recent evidence is from general search results, with no specific documents or dates provided.
Require policing plans to include targets for minority ethnic staff recruitment and retention
Recommendation
That the Home Secretary and Police Authorities' policing plans should include targets for recruitment, progression and retention of minority ethnic staff. Police Authorities to report progress to the Home Secretary annually. Such reports to be published.
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Published evidence summary
No specific published evidence has been identified detailing the inclusion of targets for minority ethnic staff recruitment, progression, and retention in policing plans by the Home Secretary and Police Authorities, nor annual published reports on progress. The most recent evidence identified is general search results on GOV.UK related to Macpherson Inquiry implementation and government response, which do not provide specific actions or dates.
Facilitate initiatives to increase qualified minority ethnic recruits in police services
Recommendation
That the Home Office and Police Services should facilitate the development of initiatives to increase the number of qualified minority ethnic recruits.
Published evidence summary
No specific published evidence has been identified detailing initiatives developed by the Home Office and Police Services to increase the number of qualified minority ethnic recruits. The most recent evidence identified is general search results on GOV.UK related to Macpherson Inquiry implementation and government response, which do not provide specific actions or dates.
Require HMIC to inspect and report on police minority ethnic staff progress
Recommendation
That HMIC include in any regular inspection or in a thematic inspection a report on the progress made by Police Services in recruitment, progression and retention of minority ethnic staff.
Published evidence summary
No specific published evidence has been identified confirming that HMIC (now HMICFRS) includes reports on the progress of Police Services in recruitment, progression, and retention of minority ethnic staff in its regular or thematic inspections, specifically in response to this recommendation. The most recent evidence identified is general search results on GOV.UK related to HMIC inspections, which do not provide specific actions or dates.
Amend National Curriculum to value cultural diversity and prevent racism
Recommendation
That consideration be given to amendment of the National Curriculum aimed at valuing cultural diversity and preventing racism, in order better to reflect the needs of a diverse society.
Published evidence summary
No specific published evidence has been identified detailing consideration given to, or subsequent amendment of, the National Curriculum aimed at valuing cultural diversity and preventing racism. The most recent evidence identified is general search results on GOV.UK related to Macpherson Inquiry implementation and government response, which do not provide specific actions or dates.
Require schools to implement anti-racism strategies, record and publish racist incidents
Recommendation
That Local Education Authorities and school Governors have the duty to create and implement strategies in their schools to prevent and address racism. Such strategies to include: that schools record all racist incidents; that all recorded incidents are reported to …
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Published evidence summary
No specific published evidence has been identified outlining legislation or guidance that places a duty on Local Education Authorities and school Governors to create and implement strategies to prevent and address racism, including requirements for recording, reporting, and annual publication of racist incidents. The most recent evidence identified is general search results on GOV.UK related to local education authorities, which do not provide specific actions or dates.
Require OFSTED inspections to examine school anti-racism strategy implementation
Recommendation
That OFSTED inspections include examination of the implementation of such strategies.
Published evidence summary
No specific published evidence has been identified confirming that OFSTED inspections include examination of the implementation of strategies to prevent and address racism, as recommended. The most recent evidence identified is general search results on GOV.UK related to Macpherson Inquiry implementation and government response, which do not provide specific actions or dates.
Implement community initiatives promoting cultural diversity and addressing racism across agencies
Recommendation
That in creating strategies under the provisions of the Crime & Disorder Act or otherwise Police Services, local Government and relevant agencies should specifically consider implementing community and local initiatives aimed at promoting cultural diversity and addressing racism and the …
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Published evidence summary
No specific published evidence has been identified demonstrating that Police Services, local Government, and relevant agencies specifically consider and implement community and local initiatives promoting cultural diversity and addressing racism under the Crime & Disorder Act or otherwise. The most recent evidence identified is general search results on GOV.UK related to Macpherson Inquiry implementation and government response, which do not provide specific actions or dates.