F160 Response Accepted AI-assessed

Training and training establishments as a source of safety information

Recommendation

Proactive steps need to be taken to encourage openness on the part of trainees and to protect them from any adverse consequences in relation to raising concerns.

Published Evidence Summary
The following publicly available evidence relates to this recommendation:
According to the government's November 2013 response, this recommendation was accepted. According to the UK Government's February 2015 Freedom to Speak Up Review, the National Guardian's Office was established in January 2016, and Freedom to Speak Up Guardians were made mandatory in all NHS trusts from October 2016. According to the National Guardian's Office, over 38,000 cases were raised in 2024-25. According to the Department of Health and Social Care's findings from a call for evidence on the statutory duty of candour in November 2024, 52% of respondents felt the Care Quality Commission had not adequately enforced the duty, and many viewed it as a "tick-box exercise," and according to the NHS Staff Survey 2024, only 71.5% of staff felt secure raising concerns about unsafe practice, suggesting ongoing challenges in fostering openness and protecting those who speak up.
How was this assessed?
Assessed by gemini-2.5-flash on 19 Mar 2026
Checked data held on this site (government responses, progress updates, independent evidence)
External sources searched: www.gov.uk, www.legislation.gov.uk, hansard.parliament.uk
This recommendation asks for cultural or behavioural change, which is difficult to verify objectively. The assessment is based on policy commitments, not measured outcomes.
Jurisdiction
England
Response
Accepted
Accepted Department of Health and Social Care
19 Nov 2013

The government published "Hard Truths: the Journey to Putting Patients First" (Cm 8777) on 19 November 2013, responding to all 290 recommendations of the Francis Report. This followed an initial response "Patients First and Foremost" in March 2013. Key reforms included a new Chief Inspector of Hospitals, strengthened Care Quality Commission inspection regime, a statutory duty of candour, and the fit and proper person test for NHS directors. Volume 2 (Cm 8754) contains the government's detailed responses to each of the 290 recommendations. See: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7cd486ed915d63cc65d167/34658_Cm_8777_Vol_1_accessible.pdf

Read Full Response
Note: Government responded via "Hard Truths: The Journey to Putting Patients First" (2014), a single document covering all 290 recommendations with a blanket acceptance. Individual recommendation responses were not broken out.
Published Evidence

Published assessments of implementation progress from inspectorates, select committees, official progress reports, and other sources. Check the source type badge to see whether each assessment is independent or government self-reported.

Reasonable Progress
01 Jun 2025
National Guardian's Office - Annual Data 2024-25

Over 1,400 Freedom to Speak Up Guardians across healthcare organisations in England. 38,000+ cases raised in 2024-25, cumulative total exceeds 142,000 since inception. However, NHS Staff Survey 2024 shows only 71.5% of staff feel secure raising concerns about unsafe practice (stagnant for years), and only 57% are confident their organisation would address concerns.

National Guardian's Office Annual Report 2024-25 View Source
Reasonable Progress
26 Nov 2024
DHSC - Duty of Candour Review

DHSC published findings of call for evidence on statutory duty of candour. 261 responses received. Key finding: 52% of respondents said CQC had not adequately enforced the duty. Many reported it had become a "tick-box exercise". Only 40% thought the purpose was clear and well understood. Final government response still pending.

Findings of the Call for Evidence on the Statutor… View Source
Reasonable Progress
06 Feb 2023
Academic Review - Ten Years After Francis

Research published 2023 marking ten years since the Francis Report found mixed results. Structural and legislative changes largely delivered (duty of candour, FPPR, CQC overhaul, revalidation, Freedom to Speak Up Guardians). However, cultural change not fully embedded; understaffing, fear of speaking up, and poor complaint handling persist in parts of the NHS.

University of Birmingham: Ten years after Francis View Source
Good Progress
11 Feb 2015
UK Government - Culture Change in the NHS

Government published "Culture Change in the NHS" (Cm 9009) reporting progress on all 290 recommendations. Key achievements: 19 hospitals placed in special measures; those trusts recruited 109 additional doctors and 1,805 additional nurses; 129 board-level changes made; excess avoidable deaths fell by 450 in less than a year.

Confirmed Completed
11 Feb 2015
UK Government - Freedom to Speak Up Review

Sir Robert Francis published Freedom to Speak Up Review on 11 February 2015 with 20 principles and actions. Led to: Freedom to Speak Up Guardians mandatory in all NHS trusts from October 2016; National Guardian's Office established January 2016.

Freedom to Speak Up Review View Source
Confirmed Completed
27 Nov 2014
Legislation - Duty of Candour (Regulation 20)

Health and Social Care Act 2008 (Regulated Activities) Regulations 2014, Regulation 20: statutory duty of candour came into force for NHS trusts November 2014, extended to all CQC-registered providers April 2015. Requires providers to notify patients/families of notifiable safety incidents and apologise.

Health and Social Care Act 2008 (Regulated Activi… View Source
Good Progress
19 Nov 2013
UK Government - Hard Truths Vol 1 & 2

Government published "Hard Truths: The Journey to Putting Patients First" (Cm 8777) in two volumes. Vol 1 set out new actions; Vol 2 provided detailed response to each of the 290 recommendations. Approximately 204 of 290 recommendations were fully accepted.

Confirmed Completed
03 Dec 2012
GMC - Medical Revalidation

GMC medical revalidation launched December 2012. All licensed doctors must demonstrate fitness to practise every five years through appraisal and evidence. Francis Report endorsed and recommended strengthening revalidation.

GMC Revalidation Programme View Source
Source
Report Report of the Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust Public Inquiry 06 Feb 2013
Responsible Bodies
GMC Primary
Recommendation age 13.1 yrs
Last formal update 4508 days ago