Universities Scotland have noted that a strong component of Scottish universities’ internationalisation strategy has been their drive to increase the number of international students: each year more than 58,000 international students from 180 countries (including from the EU) study in Scotland.95 In 2018, this made up about a quarter of the total student population.96 The RSE Young Academy of Scotland informed us that, as a result, Scotland has a high proportion of international students relative to other OECD countries, with the net economic impact of international students for Scotland estimated to be £1.94bn in 2016.97