Thirlwall Inquiry

Statutory inquiry into events at the Countess of Chester Hospital between 2015 and 2018, following the conviction of neonatal nurse Lucy Letby for the murder of seven babies and the attempted murder of others.

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Statutory inquiry into events at the Countess of Chester Hospital between 2015 and 2018, following the conviction of neonatal nurse Lucy Letby for the murder of seven babies and the attempted murder of others. Ordered as a non-statutory inquiry on 18 August 2023; statutory footing announced 30 August 2023 and confirmed to Parliament 4 September 2023; formally set up 19 October 2023; public hearings opened 10 September 2024 and concluded March 2025. Final report published 15 September 2026 in three volumes with 17 recommendations (Volume III, Part Three, Chapter 45). The Secretary of State for Health and Social Care made an oral statement to the Commons the same day and said the government will set out a full response.

Where it stands

Public hearings were held on 63 days between May 2024 and March 2025. Thirlwall Inquiry Final Report was published on 15 September 2026. The most recent government response on the record is Government response to the Thirlwall Inquiry, dated 15 September 2026. 5 of the 17 recommendations tracked here have no government response on the record yet.

ChairLady Justice ThirlwallJudge / Judiciary
Commissioned byDepartment of Health and Social Care
Established19 Oct 2023
Final report15 Sep 2026
Duration2 years, 11 months
Total reported cost£18.6m
Announced 4 Sep 2023
Terms of reference 19 Oct 2023
Hearings 16 Sep 2024 · 63 sitting days
Further evidential hearing 24 Feb 2025
Final report 15 Sep 2026
Recommendations 17 tracked

Reports & recommendations

All 17 recommendations →
17 recommendations

Government response

Latest statement by addressee
Department of Health and Social Care says in progress: 4; another body’s finding on record for 2
No statement from NHS Trusts found in the sources searched: 3; another body’s finding on record for 1
No statement from Department of Health and Social Care found in the sources searched: 2
NHS England says in progress: 2
No statement from CQC found in the sources searched: 1
No statement from Department of Health and Social Care or NHS England found in the sources searched: 1
No statement from NHS England found in the sources searched: 1
No statement from NHS England or NHS Trusts found in the sources searched: 1
No statement from National Audit Office or NI Audit Office found in the sources searched: 1
No statement from The Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman found in the sources searched: 1

"No statement found" means none was found in the sources searched, last checked 2 October 2026. Each figure is the latest statement from the body the recommendation is addressed to. Other bodies’ findings are shown on each recommendation and do not change these figures.


Data last updated: 22 Sep 2026 · Source
Checked against sources: 2 Oct 2026
How to read this

Government Response tracks what the government said it would do (accepted, rejected, etc.).

Full methodology

Latest evidence

All 1847 documents →
Ruling on the application to pause the Inquiry - 19.03.25
Ruling / Determination · 19 Mar 2025
Thirlwall Hearing 19 March 2025
Hearing Transcript · 19 Mar 2025
Thirlwall Inquiry 18 March 2025
Hearing Transcript · 18 Mar 2025
Thirlwall Inquiry 17 March 2025
Hearing Transcript · 17 Mar 2025

Costs

Total reported cost £18,583,000

Derived sum of three published FY costs to Mar 2026; not official cumulative/final

Source and qualifications
Breakdown and notes

Cost breakdown (to Mar 2026)

Inquiry Legal Costs £1,024,000 Panel remuneration & Counsel to the Inquiry
Core Participant Legal Costs £4,000 Legal funding for core participants
Panel £474,000
Staff £752,000
Accommodation £148,000
Technology £205,000
Other £44,000

Cost history (6 reports)

Period Total Inquiry Legal CP Legal Source
Mar 2026 £2,651,000 £1,024,000 £4,000

Inquiry-published FY2025/26 expenditure, full year; not a final inquiry total

Source and qualifications
Mar 2026 (cum.) £18,583,000 - -

Derived sum of three published FY costs to Mar 2026; not official cumulative/final

Source and qualifications
Sep 2025 £1,345,000 £503,000 £2,000

6M 2025-26 (Apr - Sep 2025)

Source and qualifications

Accounting period: 1 Apr 2025 to 30 Sep 2025.

Report writing period. No hearings. Report publication expected after Easter 2026. All figures rounded to nearest £000, exclude VAT.

6M 2025-26 (Apr - Sep 2025)

Sep 2025 (cum.) £17,277,000 £8,599,000 £3,107,000

Cumulative expenditure Sep 2023 - Sep 2025

Source and qualifications

Accounting period: 4 Sep 2023 to 30 Sep 2025.

Statutory inquiry into events at the Countess of Chester Hospital following conviction of Lucy Letby. Established 19 Oct 2023. Chaired by Lady Justice Thirlwall. Funded by DHSC. Hearings Sep 2024 - Jan 2025. Report expected after Easter 2026. Inquiry Legal = Counsel + Solicitor/paralegals + Experts. CP Legal = Family legal fees + non-CP legal assisting. Staff = Secretariat + Chair. Hearings = venue + AV + other. Technology = IT + Media + Office accommodation. Other = Emotional support + Publication + Admin/travel. All figures rounded to nearest £000, exclude VAT.

Cumulative expenditure Sep 2023 - Sep 2025

Mar 2025 £13,098,000 £5,745,000 £2,877,000

FY2024/25 figures re-published in FY2025/26 Inquiry report; category mapping corrected

Source and qualifications

Accounting period: 1 Apr 2024 to 31 Mar 2025.

The Inquiry FY25/26 report reproduces FY2024/25 total £13,098k. Mapped visible £000 components: secretariat 749 to staff; chair 452 to panel; counsel 1,983 plus solicitor 3,762 to inquiry legal 5,745; family legal fees 2,877 to core-participant legal; office 153 plus hearing venue 245 to accommodation 398; IT 601 plus hearing AV 1,274 to technology 1,875; experts 211, non-core-participant legal 12, emotional support 194, media 226, hearing other 344 and administration 15 to other 1,002. Safeguarding stays NULL: the source does not identify support beneficiaries for this schema. The mapped categories sum to the published £13,098k. Values are rounded to nearest £000, exclude VAT, and are not accountant-compiled accounts. Only category/source/notes fields are corrected; original period and £13,098,000 total remain.

FY2024/25 figures re-published in FY2025/26 Inquiry report; category mapping corrected

Mar 2024 £2,834,000 £2,139,000 £216,000

FY2023/24 figures re-published in FY2025/26 Inquiry report; category mapping corrected

Source and qualifications

Accounting period: 4 Sep 2023 to 31 Mar 2024.

The Inquiry FY25/26 report reproduces the FY2023/24 table: total £2,834k for 4 September 2023–31 March 2024. Mapped visible components in £000: secretariat 168 to staff, chair 133 to panel, counsel 742 plus solicitor 1,397 to inquiry legal 2,139, family legal fees 216 to core-participant legal, IT 133 to technology, and emotional support 27 plus media 16 plus administration 2 to other 45. Office accommodation is a dash, so the field is NULL; safeguarding remains NULL because beneficiaries of emotional support are not specified. The rounded outer Legal costs subtotal 2,356 differs by £1k from its rounded components 742+1,397+216=2,355; component-based categories and published total are retained without inventing £1k. Source values are rounded to nearest £000, exclude VAT, and are not accountant-compiled accounts. Only category/source/notes fields are corrected; original period and £2,834,000 total remain.

FY2023/24 figures re-published in FY2025/26 Inquiry report; category mapping corrected