Child Death
PFD Category
Reports: 443
Areas: 65
Earliest: Jan 2015
Latest: 26 Mar 2026
79% response rate (above 63% average). 38% of classified responses show concrete action taken. Reports fell 2% from 57 (2023) to 56 (2024).
PFD Reports
294 resultsEllie Hunt
All Responded
2024-0157
20 Mar 2024
York and North Yorkshire
Department for Transport
Concerns summary (AI summary)
The absence of a legal requirement for seatbelts in the rear of motorhomes for adults and children over three creates a significant public safety risk.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
While stating that the existing regulatory framework is proportionate, the Department for Transport has asked officials to consider further options to prevent similar occurrences in the future regarding the safety of occupants of motor caravans.
Romeo Esposito
All Responded
2024-0147
15 Mar 2024
Avon
South Western Ambulance Service Trust
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Clinical staff repeatedly misattributed post-resuscitation respiratory effort to "a release of air" instead of re-assessing, and lacked training against this dangerous explanation.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
South Western Ambulance Service has undertaken a review, updated Confirmation of Death guidelines, and provided advanced life support training including cardiac arrest management and actions following COD. They are also launching education on the CUSS communication tool to escalate concerns.
Zachary Taylor-Smith
All Responded
2024-0152
14 Mar 2024
Derby and Derbyshire
University Hospitals of Derby and Burto…
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Staff lacked critical understanding of neonatal deterioration and infection risks, exacerbated by poor communication between maternity and neonatal teams, and inadequate systems for patient reviews and capacity assessment for inductions.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
The hospital has implemented several changes, including mandatory training for maternity staff on CTG interpretation, a new fetal monitoring standard, daily safety huddles, and dedicated maternity flow coordinators. They have also updated their internal escalation policy for maternity and neonatal services.
Isaac Onyeka
All Responded
2024-0132
11 Mar 2024
East London
NHS England
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Gaps in public and practitioner knowledge about Down Syndrome immune deficiency, lack of GP record access for NHS111, and absence of sepsis recognition guides for darker skin tones pose risks.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
The NHS website team will review whether to include images and videos on the sepsis page to support identification of visible symptoms of sepsis. NHS England has discussed all reports received by the Regulation 28 Working Group, and will ask colleagues to share learnings and insights across the NHS at both national and regional levels.
Alissa Norton
All Responded
2024-0108
26 Feb 2024
West Sussex, Brighton and Hove
University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundat…
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Crucial medical notes for the deceased baby were largely completed retrospectively by a midwife not directly involved in her care, with limited contemporary documentation. This resulted in inaccurate information for treating clinicians.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
The trust shared messages on record keeping, audited maternity records, and took individual action with involved midwives.
Benjamin Leonard
All Responded
2024-0106
22 Feb 2024
North Wales (East and Central)
Charity Commission for England and Wales
Children’s Commissioner for England
Children’s Commissioner for Wales
+6 more
Concerns summary (AI summary)
The Scouts Association lacks a culture of candour and independent regulatory oversight for safety and safeguarding. A critical internal Fatal Accident Inquiry Panel Report was not completed in a timely manner, hindering learning.
Noted
(AI summary)
The Charity Commission acknowledges the report and states they are closely examining the concerns as part of their ongoing engagement with The Scout Association. They will be meeting with TSA again to discuss improvements and will take further regulatory action if needed. The Minister for Education and Welsh Language has noted the recommendations and passed them on to Welsh Government officials, noting that the UK Government is best placed to respond to the recommendation for a Public Inquiry into the Scout Association. The Children's Commissioner for Wales will seek updates from the Scouts Association and will share the PFD report with Estyn, who are expanding their inspections framework to include youth work. The Children's Commissioner will request updates from the Scouts Association by April 30th regarding actions to prevent future deaths/injuries. They have also called for Ofsted to play a larger role in assuring safety in youth work organisations. The Department for Education acknowledges the concerns raised, expresses condolences, and references existing guidance related to safeguarding and activity licensing but commits to no specific new actions. HSE will begin an investigation into Ben’s death and will also look at how they intervene generally with volunteering organisations that provide activities to young people such as the Scout Association to identify lessons for the future regulation of this sector. HSE will undertake a review to identify how this error occurred, and to ensure that it is not repeated and will be writing directly to Ben’s family to offer them an apology. Unity Insurance Services acknowledges receipt of the report and expresses sympathy, noting they are working with insurers and The Scout Association to support customers, and clarifying a factual inaccuracy regarding the chair in 2018. The Scouts Association details actions taken including updating POR (Policy, Organisation and Rules), developing new training modules ('Growing Roots'), creating a new safety committee, and updating risk assessment processes. They also describe planned reviews and consultations.
Mia Janin
All Responded
2024-0103
22 Feb 2024
North London
Jewish Free School
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Concerns about ongoing gender-based bullying at the school and the lack of student confidence in current initiatives create a continued risk of future deaths.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
The Jewish Free School details actions already taken including overhauling safeguarding practices, increasing behaviour management, improving information, staff surveys, and externally delivered sessions. They will also be working with Jewish Women’s Aid group to build a series of drop-down days to further embed cultural change.
Alfie Nicholls
All Responded
2024-0084
14 Feb 2024
Manchester South
Department for Education
Department of Health and Social Care
Greater Manchester Integrated Care
+1 more
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Poor understanding and recognition of Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) among professionals, coupled with inadequate cross-sector strategies and non-holistic care planning, increased risks for vulnerable children.
Noted
(AI summary)
Greater Manchester Integrated Care has delivered training sessions on ARFID and made all Stockport pediatricians aware of the recent Royal College of Child Psychiatrists published guidance in relation to ARFID. Information/learning has been shared across NHS Greater Manchester ICB. NICE has concluded that it is not best placed to develop guidance on avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, and in particular in medical emergencies in eating disorders. They will refer the report to their surveillance team for consideration when the eating disorders guideline is next reviewed.
Kazarie Dwaah-Lyder
All Responded
2024-0072
9 Feb 2024
Inner North London
British Association of Paediatric Surge…
Royal college of Paediatrics and Child …
Royal College of Radiologists
Concerns summary (AI summary)
A lack of national guidance exists for children with persistent symptoms of swallowed non-radio-opaque foreign objects, specifically regarding the need for endoscopy after negative initial imaging.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
The RCR confirms that a paediatric radiologist has been appointed to a multi-professional group led by BAPS, which will consider developing guidance on swallowing non-radio opaque objects. BAPS is leading a multi-professional working group to consider a generic pathway for all Foreign Body Ingestion (FBI) in children, with more specific guidance for commonly reported hazardous FBs and those that may be minimally or non radio opaque (radiolucent) on plain X-ray. The RCPCH will share information and suggestions for local improvement from the report with its paediatric members via its patient safety portal and for discussion with the RCPCH Clinical Quality in Practice group. They acknowledge the clinical working group set up by BAPS to look at guidance for button battery ingestion and suggest that the group consider the report.
O’Shea Dover
All Responded
2024-0067
6 Feb 2024
North London
Association Ambulance Chief Executives
Department of Health and Social Care
Concerns summary (AI summary)
National ambulance guidance (JRCALC) should incorporate the recommendation to convey patients with unprogressing labour directly to an obstetrics unit, as per London Ambulance Service practice.
Noted
(AI summary)
The Department of Health and Social Care acknowledges the concerns raised and has forwarded them to NHS England, who are working with the Association of Ambulance Chief Executives (AACE) to review the concerns. AACE is consulting with expert advisors, obstetricians, midwives, and NHS England to review and update JRCALC guidance on maternal emergencies, including conveyance of patients when delivery is not progressing, with updates expected in approximately three months.
Lucas Pollard
All Responded
2024-0058
1 Feb 2024
Bedfordshire and Luton
East of England Ambulance Service
Concerns summary (AI summary)
A Critical Care Team was not immediately dispatched, and an End Of Shift Policy was inappropriately applied, preventing a rapid response vehicle deployment, despite clear evidence of patient deterioration.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust is integrating the Critical Care desk function into all three control rooms. They are reviewing the End of Shift Policy to ensure clinical appropriateness, aiming for completion by the end of June 2024, and will publish an article reminding staff about active listening and escalating calls.
Christopher Kapessa
All Responded
2024-0039
25 Jan 2024
South Wales Central
Coal Authority
Concerns summary (AI summary)
The Coal Authority lacked accessible risk information, specific water safety policies, and effective inspection protocols, failing to address deep, fast-flowing water dangers and implement identified safety works.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
The Coal Authority has addressed the coroner's concerns by implementing a Water Safety Procedure and reviewing the Public Safety Risk Assessment process. They have also enhanced the follow-up of actions arising from site inspections and increased the authority of Project Managers to organise immediate repairs.
Samuel Parkin
All Responded
2025-0361
18 Jan 2024
Inner West London
NHS England
St George’s University Hospitals NHS Fo…
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Hospital learning points from a child's death were not formally disseminated, and ultrasound reports gave false reassurance about malrotation due to poor understanding of USS limitations, delaying crucial diagnostic tests.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
NHS England will issue national guidance around the limitations of ultrasound to diagnose malrotation and the provision of second opinions, highlighting the importance of communication between teams and multi-disciplinary discussion. All reports received are discussed by the Regulation 28 Working Group, comprising Regional Medical Directors, and other clinical and quality colleagues from across the regions. St George's has summarised learning from the case and is presenting at governance meetings; met with Epsom & St Helier; leading a malrotation session; and formalised written referrals to paediatric gastroenterology. They also hold a monthly Paediatric Gastroenterology Radiology meeting to improve communication.
Iona Buckingham
All Responded
2024-0023
12 Jan 2024
Northamptonshire
NHS England
NHS Northamptonshire Integrated Care Bo…
Northampton General Hospitals NHS Trust
Concerns summary (AI summary)
The hospital's inability to provide immediate paediatric x-rays and chest ultrasounds outside of limited hours poses a significant risk to children with deteriorating pneumonia or suspected pleural effusions.
Noted
(AI summary)
NHS England acknowledges the concerns raised and explains the national context of radiologist shortages and the role of the GIRFT program and National Imaging Strategy. They highlight ongoing work to share learnings from PFD reports nationally. The ICB acknowledges the concerns and outlines actions being taken by the hospital trust. They state they are happy to continue working alongside acute colleagues to support a resilient safe model for patients. The trust is considering joint recruitment of a radiologist with a paediatric sub-specialism with another trust, a consultant is training in POCUS with a funding request for a machine, and they are reviewing collaboration with other hospitals. An action plan has been created to address the missed chest x-ray opportunity, and evidence has been submitted to complete the actions identified.
Nuel-Junior Dzernjo
All Responded
2023-0530
18 Dec 2023
Suffolk
National Institute for Health and Care …
Royal College of Paediatrics and Child …
Concerns summary (AI summary)
A lack of clear guidance for prescribing intravenous Acyclovir, instead of ineffective oral medication, potentially led to incorrect treatment and preventable death for the patient.
Noted
(AI summary)
NICE clarifies that it has not published a guideline on managing chickenpox, but it does publish a Clinical Knowledge Summary (CKS) on its website. They have shared the report with Agilio Software, the external company who develop the CKS. The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) will share information and suggestions for local improvement from the coroner's report with its members via its patient safety portal. They are engaging with NHS England and the Patient Safety Commissioner on implementing Martha's Rule nationally and support the recommendation for a universal varicella vaccination programme.
William Gray
All Responded
2023-0511
8 Dec 2023
Essex
Association of Ambulance Chief Executiv…
Department of Health and Social Care
East of England Ambulance Service NHS T…
+2 more
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Hospital doctors were unaware of JRCALC guidelines for adrenaline in life-threatening asthma. Ambulance guidelines lacked clarity on managing severe asthma attacks, and the trust's investigation failed to learn from repeat incidents.
Noted
(AI summary)
Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust has shared learning with teams about the JRCALC protocol on managing severe asthma in children and is delivering training sessions focusing on the role of Adrenaline; they have also sent an email to staff regarding the use of Adrenaline in pre-hospital asthma resuscitation. The Ambulance Service has disseminated posters addressing human factors, developed a new training package on decision-making under pressure, and is providing regular updates on best practice for asthma management. They have removed the skill of intubation for general paramedics and are rolling out Advanced Paramedics in Critical Care cars across the region. They have also implemented the Patient Safety Improvement Response Framework. AACE will review the JRCALC asthma guideline and make changes if required, and will share the concerns with their national ambulance service medical directors’ group (NASMeD) to consider further education or awareness for clinicians regarding airway management and adrenaline administration. Essex Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust has implemented several changes in the Asthma & Allergy Children’s and Young Persons Service, including staff training, caseload reviews, translated care plans, smoking cessation courses, and links between universal services and the CAAS to improve education and training. Essex Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust has implemented several changes in the Asthma & Allergy Children’s and Young Persons Service, including staff training, caseload reviews, translated care plans, smoking cessation courses, and links between universal services and the CAAS to improve education and training. The Department acknowledges the concerns and describes the existing framework for healthcare professional training, including the National Capabilities Framework for Professionals who care for Children and Young People with Asthma. They note that employers are responsible for ensuring staff are trained to the required standards.
Jonathan Goldstein, Hannah Goldstein and Saskia Goldstein
All Responded
2023-0514
5 Dec 2023
Inner South London
UK Civil Aviation Authority
Concerns summary (AI summary)
A critical lack of compulsory mountain flying training and guidance for UK PPL(A) license holders means pilots undertake hazardous flights without adequate knowledge of specific risks and tactics.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
The CAA acknowledges the challenges of mountain flying and states it will publish relevant guidance on its website by 31 July 2024, and a Safety Sense Leaflet on mountain flying by 31 December 2024.
Kyra Aslam
All Responded
2023-0498
5 Dec 2023
South Yorkshire (Western)
Sheffield Children’s NHS Foundation Tru…
Concerns summary (AI summary)
A culture exists where medics may disregard parents' or nurses' views, and junior doctors are not adequately educated when consultants override their decisions, hindering learning.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust has implemented new processes to ensure Care Groups are fully sighted on complaints, implemented 'Safety Wednesday' led by the Medical Director and Chief Nurse, and refreshed Freedom to Speak Up training.
Jennifer Whinney
All Responded
2023-0477
27 Nov 2023
Inner North London
Queens Hospital
Royal London Hospital
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Critical patient notes were not sent to an external appointment due to non-electronic records and a lack of clear responsibility for ensuring their transfer, risking incomplete medical history.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
Barts Health NHS Trust has undertaken several actions to reduce line infections at the Royal London Hospital, including providing education and training sessions for multidisciplinary surgical staff, and updating IPC statutory and mandatory training. They are also in the process of re-writing the ANTT policy with the microbiology and Infection Prevent and Control (IPC) teams. Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust has revised its policy for sending patient notes to external hospital visits, with the updated policy approved on 22 January 2024. The revised policy includes explicit responsibilities, a checklist, and a signature section for acknowledging receipt of notes.
Ocean-Leigh Hayes
All Responded
2023-0455
15 Nov 2023
South Wales Central
Cardiff and Vale University Health Board
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Health visitors are inconsistently conducting physical reviews of sleeping arrangements for babies, missing opportunities to risk assess co-sleeping environments and advise parents on dangers.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
Cardiff and Vale UHB will monitor and implement an assurance plan to completion through the Children and Women Clinical Board assurance framework, to address issues around health visitor communication regarding safe sleeping practices and visual assessment of sleeping areas.
Madeleine Savory
All Responded
2023-0452
15 Nov 2023
Suffolk
NHS England
Concerns summary (AI summary)
There is a national shortage of Tier 4 beds in paediatric mental health facilities, delaying timely access to crucial care for children in need.
Noted
(AI summary)
NHS England is implementing improvements to the CYMPH inpatient pathway, aiming to reduce out-of-area placements and move towards community-based care; they are also developing a national admission protocol for children and young people with multi-agency partners. The Department of Health and Social Care acknowledges the concerns and notes NHS England's response and approach to reduce reliance on inpatient mental health beds, moving towards community-based care.
Mason Williams
All Responded
2023-0442
10 Nov 2023
Warwickshire
Warwickshire County Council
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Street lighting was unlit due to an underground cabling fault, likely from a previous collision. This lack of illumination along the road created a dangerous hazard for road users.
Action Taken
(AI summary)
The damaged power cabling on Trinity Road was temporarily repaired and the lighting column damaged was replaced. The Council’s street lighting team has recruited two additional employees who started work on 6 November 2023 and the central management system is now interrogated by an appropriately qualified officer on a daily basis.
Alfie Mains-Forster
All Responded
2023-0459
9 Nov 2023
County Durham and Darlington
Clevermed Limited
Concerns summary (AI summary)
The electronic risk assessment system (BadgerNet) at Royal Victoria Infirmary does not fully align with national guidance, hindering effective assessment. A critical updated risk chart (NEWTT2) remains unimplemented despite being overdue.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
System Connecting Care plan to implement NEWTT2 in the Neonatal and Maternity application for delivery to the customer estate once NHS England has finalised the release of NEWTT2 and ensure that the NEWS functionality is clearly distinguishable from UK national guidance by defining its full title of Newborn Early Warning Score.
Luca Yates
All Responded
2023-0437
9 Nov 2023
Manchester South
Royal College of Paediatrics and Child …
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Planned reductions in paediatric specialist training time in Level 3 Neonatal units risk future middle-grade and consultant general paediatricians having inadequate practical experience in neonatal resuscitation.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health will share information and suggestions for local improvement from the report with its paediatric members via its patient safety portal and discuss it with the RCPCH Clinical Quality in Practice group in early Spring.
Karlton Donaghey
All Responded
2023-0399
23 Oct 2023
Newcastle upon Tyne and North Tyneside
Product Safety and Standards
Concerns summary (AI summary)
Helium balloons are freely available without adequate warnings, and parents lack sufficient awareness of the significant risks they pose to young children.
Action Planned
(AI summary)
OPSS will write to the British Standards Institution to recommend updating the Toy Safety Standard EN71 to reflect the risks of helium inhalation. OPSS will also write to relevant trade organizations and Local Authority Trading Standards authorities advising them of OPSS’ concerns about the risks posed by helium-filled balloons.