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Jermaine Baker Inquiry

Completed
Chair HH Clement Goldstone KC Judge / Judiciary
Established 10 Jun 2020
Final Report 05 Jul 2022
Commissioned by Home Office

Public inquiry into the death of Jermaine Baker during a Metropolitan Police Service armed operation on 11 December 2015. The inquiry examined the planning, authorisation and conduct of the operation.

Evidence & Impact
The Jermaine Baker Inquiry, chaired by Clement Goldstone QC, examined the fatal shooting of Jermaine Baker by a Metropolitan Police firearms officer on 11 December 2015. The inquiry's final report, published in July 2022, made 26 recommendations focused on improving armed policing practices, command structures, training, and accountability mechanisms.

The government accepted 22 of the 26 recommendations (85%), with four remaining under consideration. The Metropolitan Police Service provided a formal response in October 2022, detailing actions taken on recommendations directed to them. Key documented changes include the College of Policing's comprehensive update to the Authorised Professional Practice on Armed Policing in August 2023, which incorporated multiple inquiry recommendations.

Specific operational changes within the MPS include the separation of the Strategic Firearms Commander role from investigation teams following an internal review led by DAC Barbara Gray, and the replacement of glass hammers with extendable X-ball devices for all firearms officers. The MPS reported significant improvements in covert monitoring training, with over 480 operatives receiving awareness training on accurate note-taking and dissemination systems.

The inquiry's recommendations on police accountability gained renewed attention following the W80 misconduct case. The Police Accountability Rapid Review, published in October 2025 and led by Tim Godwin and Sir Adrian Fulford, was directly prompted by the W80/Baker case. The government accepted the review's recommendation to raise the standard of proof for use of force in misconduct cases from civil to criminal, with regulatory changes intended for Spring 2026.

However, evidence of progress remains incomplete for several recommendations. As of August 2023, eight recommendations were marked as 'In Progress' with no subsequent updates available. Four recommendations directed to bodies including the Criminal Procedure Rule Committee and regarding IOPC powers show no published evidence of action. The MPS has not developed a Standard Operating Procedure as recommended, citing the pending national D-DaCS system as the reason for delay.
Reforms Attributed to This Inquiry
- College of Policing updated Authorised Professional Practice on Armed Policing (APP-AP) in August 2023, incorporating multiple inquiry recommendations
- Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) separated Strategic Firearms Commander role from investigation team following internal review (2021-2022)
- MPS replaced glass hammers with extendable X-ball devices for all firearms officers
- 172 H2 trained staff and 480+ Covert Monitoring Posts (CMP) operatives received awareness training on accurate note-taking and dissemination systems
- Police Accountability Rapid Review (October 2025) led to government accepting recommendation to raise use of force test in misconduct cases from civil to criminal standard, with changes to Police (Conduct) Regulations 2020 intended for Spring 2026
Unfinished Business
- Recommendation JB-15.15: MPS has not developed Standard Operating Procedure pending national D-DaCS system
- Recommendation JB-15.21: Directed to Criminal Procedure Rule Committee with no published evidence of action
- Recommendation JB-15.24: No evidence of implementation regarding IOPC management action powers despite broader police accountability reforms
- Recommendation JB-15.25: No evidence of action on simple misconduct surviving resignation despite broader regulatory changes planned
- Multiple recommendations (JB-15.3, JB-15.6, JB-15.7, JB-15.20, JB-15.22, JB-15.23, JB-15.26) marked as 'In Progress' in August 2023 with no subsequent updates
AI-generated narrative. Generated 26 Mar 2026 using claude-opus-4. Assessment is indicative, not authoritative.
Live tracking hearings, witnesses and documents synced daily from the inquiry website Open live tracker Search evidence
2 years Duration
£4.1m Total Cost
Inquiry Website Terms of Reference
Government Response
Accepted 22
Under Review 4
Total Recommendations 26
Data last updated: 23 Oct 2025 · Source
Data verified: 13 Feb 2026 (Claude)
How to read this

Government Response tracks what the government said it would do (accepted, rejected, etc.).

Full methodology

2 statements since Jul 2022
Written Ministerial Statement Publication of the Final Report of the Jermaine Baker Inquiry
Baroness Williams of Trafford (Conservative)
05 Jul 2022
Written Ministerial Statement Publication of the Final Report of the Jermaine Baker Inquiry
Priti Patel (Conservative)
05 Jul 2022
All Activity (2)
Title Volume Publication Date Tracked recs Links
Report into the Death of Jermaine Baker - 05 Jul 2022 26
11 Dec 2015
Death of Jermaine Baker

Jermaine Baker was shot and killed by Metropolitan Police officer W80 during an operation in Wood Green, London.

12 Feb 2020
Inquiry Announced

Home Secretary Priti Patel announced an independent inquiry under the Inquiries Act 2005.

Source
12 Feb 2020
Chair Appointed

His Honour Clement Goldstone QC appointed as Chair of the Inquiry.

28 Jul 2020
Preliminary Hearing

First preliminary hearing held.

Source
14 Jun 2021
Evidence Hearings Begin

Public hearings commenced, scheduled to run until 6 August 2021.

05 Jul 2022
Final Report Published

The Inquiry's final report was published, making 26 recommendations.

Source
Total Inquiry Cost (Cumulative) £4,063,627
to Jun 2022 Cumulative Total to June 2022
Cost Breakdown (to Jun 2022)
Inquiry Legal Costs £2,292,519 Panel remuneration & Counsel to the Inquiry
Core Participant Legal Costs £595,152 Legal funding for core participants
Other £1,082,266
Total inquiry cost £4.06 million. Category totals exclude FY19-20 (£93,690) which has no breakdown. Chairman and Legal Team costs combined as inquiry_legal_costs. Secretariat Operational Costs and Inquiry-Appointed Experts combined as other_costs.
Cost History
Period Total Inquiry Legal CP Legal Source
Jun 2022 £239,376 £179,444 £3,822
Jun 2022 (cum.) £4,063,627 £2,292,519 £595,152
Mar 2022 £2,314,923 £1,161,855 £447,753
Mar 2021 £1,415,638 £951,220 £143,577
Mar 2020 £93,690 - -
Clear

Recommendations (4)

JB-15.21
Under Consideration
Amend Criminal Procedure Rules for firearms court applications
Recommendation

There should be an amendment to the Criminal Procedure Rules which govern the process in applications for a firearms presence in court – a requirement for witness statements, sworn evidence and the taping of proceedings should all be included.

Published evidence summary
- This recommendation is directed to the Criminal Procedure Rule Committee regarding amendments governing firearms presence applications in court.
- No published evidence that the Criminal Procedure Rules have been amended to require witness statements, sworn evidence, and taping of proceedings for firearms presence applications has been identified to March 2026.
- The report was published on 5 July 2022; over three years have elapsed without published progress on this recommendation.
Ministry of Justice (Primary)
View Details
JB-15.23
Under Consideration
Written questions as alternative to face-to-face IOPC interviews
Recommendation
Consideration should be given to the introduction of a practice requiring, as an alternative to a face-to-face interview, the submission of a list of questions for written answer within a fixed time – failure to provide which, absent a reasonable … Read more
Published evidence summary
- The IOPC has called for fundamental reform of the police complaints and disciplinary system (IOPC).
- The government announced its intention to commission a review of the complaints and disciplinary system following the Jermaine Baker Inquiry (College of Policing APP-AP update, August 2023).
- The Police Accountability Rapid Review was published in October 2025 by Tim Godwin and Sir Adrian Fulford, covering police accountability reforms. The review recommended amending the Police (Conduct) Regulations 2020 (Police Accountability Rapid Review, Home Office, October 2025).
- No published evidence that a practice requiring written questions as an alternative to face-to-face interview has been introduced has been identified to March 2026.
Independent Office for Police Conduct (Primary)
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JB-15.24
Under Consideration
IOPC power to require management action below misconduct threshold
Recommendation
The IOPC should be provided with the power to require a force to take 'management action' in situations that fall short of misconduct but where standards of conduct and/or performance have fallen short of a reasonable public expectation. A force … Read more
Published evidence summary
- This recommendation is directed to the Home Office regarding IOPC powers to require management action.
- The government announced its intention to commission a review of the police complaints and disciplinary system (College of Policing APP-AP update, August 2023).
- The Police Accountability Rapid Review was published in October 2025, recommending amendments to the Police (Conduct) Regulations 2020. The government accepted the recommendation to apply the criminal law test for use of force in misconduct cases (Police Accountability Rapid Review, Home Office, October 2025).
- No published evidence that the IOPC has been given the power to require forces to take management action in cases falling short of misconduct has been identified to March 2026.
Home Office (Primary)
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JB-15.25
Under Consideration
Simple misconduct allegations to survive officer resignation
Recommendation
Serious consideration should be given to the public interest in amending the current legislation so that allegations of 'simple' misconduct, as distinct from 'gross' misconduct, will survive following a police officer's resignation or retirement. I do not recommend that the … Read more
Published evidence summary
- This recommendation is directed to the Home Office regarding the survival of misconduct allegations after officer resignation or retirement.
- The government announced its intention to commission a review of the police complaints and disciplinary system (College of Policing APP-AP update, August 2023).
- The Police Accountability Rapid Review was published in October 2025, covering police accountability reforms including disciplinary matters. The review focused on use of force standards and unlawful killing conclusions rather than post-resignation misconduct proceedings (Police Accountability Rapid Review, Home Office, October 2025).
- No published evidence that legislation has been amended to allow simple misconduct allegations to survive officer resignation or retirement has been identified to March 2026.
Home Office (Primary)
View Details